2.1.5 Telehealth

Question 1

Telehealth

Answer 1

The provision of healthcare remotely by means of telecommunications technology.

Question 2

Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM)

Answer 2

Technology to enable monitoring of patients outside of conventional clinical settings.

Question 3

Biomolecules/Macromolecules

Answer 3

A large molecule, or macromolecule, produced by living organisms. Examples include: nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

Question 4

ATP

Answer 4

A nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells.

Question 5

Carbohydrate

Answer 5

Compounds, such as sugar, starch, and cellulose. Carbohydrates are found in foods and living tissues. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for cells.

Question 6

Monosaccharide

Answer 6

Any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.

Question 7

Glucose

Answer 7

The main sugar found in blood.

Question 8

Polysaccharide

Answer 8

Long-chain polymeric carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages.

Question 9

Glycogen

Answer 9

Stored form of glucose that’s made up of many connected glucose molecules.

Question 10

Lipid

Answer 10

One of a family of compounds including fats, phospholipids, and steroids that is insoluble in water. Lipids are a secondary source of energy for our cells.

Question 11

Lipid Head

Answer 11

A hydrophilic phosphate group.

Question 12

Lipid Tail

Answer 12

Three hydrophobic fatty acid tails.

Question 13

Protein

Answer 13

A biomolecule made of building blocks called amino acids. A protein’s form and function are determined by a cell’s nucleic acid sequence. Protein is a “last resort source of energy for our cells.

Question 14

Amino Acid

Answer 14

Molecules used by all living things to make proteins (monomers).

Question 15

Monomer

Answer 15

Atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers (sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides).

Question 16

Polymer

Answer 16

Complex structure made up of smaller molecules called monomers (carbs, lipids, protein, nucleic acid).

Question 17

Homeostasis

Answer 17

The maintenance of stable internal physiological conditions (like body temperature or the pH of blood), which enables the optimal functioning of an organism.

Question 18

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 18

A form of diabetes that usually develops during childhood or adolescence. Type 1 is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.

Question 19

Fasting Glucose Test

Answer 19

Measures blood sugar after an overnight fast.

Question 20

Random Glucose Test

Answer 20

Measures blood sugar at the time of test.

Question 21

A1C Test

Answer 21

A simple blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months.

Question 22

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 22

Used to measure how well the body can process a larger amount of sugar.

Question 23

Pancreas

Answer 23

An organ that makes enzymes during digestion, produces insulin, and releases glucagon.

Question 24

Beta Cells

Answer 24

Cells that produce insulin.

Question 25

Insulin

Answer 25

Hormone that allows glucose into body cells when it binds to an insulin receptor; is produced by the pancreas.

Question 26

Insulin Receptors

Answer 26

Receptor sites on a cell’s membrane that open glucose transporters, allowing glucose into the cell.

Question 27

Glucose Transporters

Answer 27

Transport proteins that allow glucose into the cell when insulin binds to the insulin receptor sites.

Question 28

Translocation

Answer 28

A genetic change in which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.

Question 29

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 29

A form of diabetes that develops especially in adults, most often obese individuals. Type 2 is characterized by high blood glucose resulting from impaired insulin use coupled with the body’s inability to compensate with increased insulin production.

Question 30

Positive Feedback

Answer 30

A mechanism of homeostasis in which a change in a physiological variable triggers an increase in another variable.

Question 31

Negative Feedback

Answer 31

A mechanism of homeostasis in which a change in a physiological variable triggers a reduction in another variable.

Question 32

Alpha Cells

Answer 32

Help regulate glucose homeostasis with glucagon.

Question 33

Glucagon

Answer 33

Hormone released by the pancreas to stimulate the release of glycogen from the liver.

Question 34

Glycogen

Answer 34

The stored form of glucose in the liver.

Question 35

Glucometer

Answer 35

A blood glucose meter used to measure blood glucose levels.

Question 36

Continuous Glucose Monitor

Answer 36

A device used for monitoring blood glucose measure on a continual basis instead of periodically.

Question 37

Basal Insulin

Answer 37

Quick acting insulin that can be taken before meals. Is longer acting and sustains glucose levels steady day and night.

Question 38

Bolus (of insulin)

Answer 38

A dose of insulin used to handle a rise in blood glucose. Is given through a shot or insulin pump.

Question 39

Insulin Pump

Answer 39

A wearable medical device that supplies a continuous flow of insulin underneath your skin.