1.2.5 Flashcards
RA
Right Atrium; Holds deoxygenated blood from the body
RV
Right Ventricle; Holds deoxygenated blood before it goes to the lungs
LA
Left Atrium; Holds oxygenated blood after it has come back from the lungs
LV
Left Ventricle; Holds oxygenated blood before it goes to the body
Vena Cavas (Inferior and Superior)
Brings deoxygenated blood back from the body; goes to RA. (Inferior from below the heart, superior from above)
Pulmonary Veins
Brings oxygenated blood back from the lungs; goes to LA.
Pulmonary Arteries
Takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs; from RV.
Aorta
Takes oxygenated blood to the body.
Tricuspid Valve
Between RA and RV
Pulmonary Valve
Between RV and the Pulmonary Arteries
Bicuspid Valve (Mitral)
Between LA and LV
Aortic Valve
Between LV and the Aorta
Veins
Bring blood TO the heart
Arteries
Being blood AWAY from the heart
General Role of Valve:
Control where blood goes
Atrioventricular Valves
Separate each atrium from the ventricle
Semilunar Valves
Separate each ventricle from the artery
General Role of Pump:
Pumps blood
Two types of pumps:
Systemic Pump, Pulmonary Pump
Systemic Pump
On the left side, pumps blood to the body
Pulmonary Pump
On the right side, pumps blood to the lungs to receive oxygen.
General Role of Chamber:
Hold blood
Atria
Receive blood as it enters the heart
Ventricle
Hold blood before it leaves the heart
General Role of Vessel
Carry blood
What does the right side do?
Handle deoxygenated blood (Between heart and lungs)
What does the left side do?
Handle oxygenated blood (Between heart and body)
Myocardium Tissue
Heart Muscle
Adiposte Tissue
Fat around the heart
Apex
Bottom part of the heart, points to the left
Auricle
Flaps which are on top of the artiums and increase their size
Coronary Arteries
Arteries which supply blood to the heart, lie in between the ventricles
Intraventricular Septum
Separates left and right ventricles
Chordae Tendineae
Fiberous cords between the leaflets and papillary muscles of the valves.
1st off the aorta
Bachiocephalic Artery
2nd off the aorta
Left Common Carotid Artery
3rd off the aorta
Left Subclavian Artery
Angia
Chest Pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart, a primary symptom of coronary artery disease. Coronary Artery disease is when atherosclerosis is in the coronary arteries.
Atherosclerosis with Thrombus
Plaque buildup (which grows until it blocks the artery) which is caused by damage to the artery wall. Risk factors - high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, high blood pressure, aging.
Myocardial Infraction
The sudden death of heart muscle. Commonly results from plaque blockage in the coronary arteries or a blood clot. Symptoms - chest/arm pain, increased heart rate, sweating, fatigue, nausea.
Aortic Valve Stenosis
Narrowing of the aortic valve, obstructing blood flow. Caused by calcification with age and develops over many years. Symptoms (Advanced) - Chest pain, dizziness, fainting during exercise, congestive heart failure.
Patent Foramen Ovale
Abnormal hole present between the artiums. A congenital condition; it is usually harmless/asymptomatic (3-6 mm diameter). Present in 25% of the population.
Congestive Heart Failure
The walls of the ventricles are thin and weak, causing an inability for the heart to pump enough blood to supply the body. Has multiple causes including arrhythmia, and cardiomyopathy. Risk factors - High blood pressure, coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, structural abnormalities. Symptoms - Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, swelling of lower limbs, decreased alertness.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Left ventricle wall gets thicker, but not more efficient. The heart overworks to provide blood for the body.
Ventricular Septal Defect
A birth defect where there are holes in the intraventricular septum, causing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to mix.
Bacterial Endocarditis
An infection of the heart’s inner lining/heart valves. Symptoms - Discolored discharge in the valves.
Healthy Heart Weight
300-400 g
