2.1 (Ports and protocols) Flashcards
What is the IP protocol?
The method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet. Each computer – known as a host – on the internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the internet.
What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol.
It is the most common protocol in networks that use the Internet Protocol (IP); together they are sometimes referred to as TCP/IP.
TCP is used for organizing data in a way that ensures the secure transmission between the server and client.
What is UDP?
User Datagram Protocol
User datagram protocol (UDP) is used for time-critical data transmissions such as DNS lookups, online gaming, and video streaming.
This communication protocol boosts transfer speeds by removing the need for a formal two-way connection before the data transmission begins.
Is UDP a connectionless protocol?
Yes. Because there is no formal open or close to the connection. It simply sends data to one place to the other.
IS TCP a connection protocol?
Yes. Because there is a connection setup and a close to it. It organises and tracks it.
What is the most reliable TCP or UDP?
TCP, because it tracks delivery and has error recovery. UDP doesn’t do any of these things.
What is FTP?
20/21 - File transfer protocol.
A network protocol for transmitting files between computers over Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) connections
What is SSH?
22 - Secure shell.
A network protocol that gives users, particularly system administrators, a secure way to access a computer over an unsecured network.
Its most notable applications are remote login and command-line execution.
What is Telnet?
A protocol that provides a command line interface for communication with a remote device or server, sometimes employed for remote management but also for initial device setup like network hardware.
What is SMTP?
25 - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
The basic standard that mail servers use to send emails to one another across the internet. SMTP is also used by applications such as Apple Mail or Outlook to upload emails to mail servers that then relay them to other mail servers.
What is DNS?
Port: 53 - Domain name system.
DNS, or the Domain Name System, translates human-readable domain names (for example, www.amazon.com) to machine-readable IP addresses (for example, 192.0.2.44).
What is DHCP?
Port: 67/68 - Dynamic host configuration protocol.
A mechanism that automates the assignment of IP addresses to fixed and mobile hosts that are connected wired or wireless to the network.
A DHCP client uses the DHCP protocol to acquire configuration information, such as an IP address, a default route, and one or more DNS server addresses from a DHCP server.
What is HTTP?
80 - HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) (www.)
The protocol over which data is sent between your browser and the website that you are connected to. Allows users to communicate data on the World Wide Web.
What is POP3?
Port: 110 - Post Office Protocol.
POP3 allows an email client to download an email from an email server.
POP3 only supports one-way email synchronization, only allowing users to download emails from a server to a client.
Its design assumes that the email client downloads all available email from the server, deletes them from the server and then disconnects.
POP3 is used for downloading mail from a mail server to a client machine running POP3 client. SMTP can be used to upload mail over Internet to a Mail server. Note that POP3 is used to read email ONLY.
What is NetBIOS?
Port: 137/139 - Network Basic Input/Output System.
Enables applications on different computers to communicate with each other across a local area network (LAN).
An industry standard for networking over TCP/IP protocol. It grants distributed applications access to each other’s network services irrespective of the transport protocol engaged.
