2.1 - Metabolic Pathways Flashcards
What are metabolic pathways?
integrated and controlled pathways of enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell
Metabolic pathways can have…
reversible steps, irreversible steps and alternative routes
What are the 2 types of reaction within a metabolic pathway?
anabolic and catabolic
Anabolic reactions…
builds up large molecules from small molecules which requires energy
Catabolic reactions…
breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules which releases energy
Proteins create what that are embedded membranes?
pumps, pores and enzymes
How are metabolic pathways controlled?
presence/absence of particular enzymes and the regulation of the rate of reaction key enzymes
Induced fit
active site changes shape to better fit the substrate after the substrate binds
Substrate molecules have… for the active site
high affinity
Subsequent products(of sub. and actsite) have… which allows them to…
low affinity(for the actsite) - leave the active site
some metabolic reactions are…
reversible
the presence of a substrate or the removal of a product will…
drive a sequence of reactions in a particular direction
What are the types of inhibitor?
competitive, non-competitive
competitive inhibitors…
bind at the active site preventing the substrate from binding
competitive inhibition can be reversed by…
increasing substrate concentration
non-competitive inhibitors…
bind away from the active site but change the shape of the active site preventing the substrate from binding
non-competitive inhibition can be reversed by…
JK it can’t be reversed
Feedback inhibition steps…
end-product in the metabolic pathway reaches a critical concentration->end-product inhibits an earlier enzyme->pathway blocked->prevents further synthesis of end-product
