20. Cranial Nerves 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the first cranial nerve?

A

Olfactory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do signals from the olfactory tract go?

A

Medial and lateral olfactory stria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do signals from the olfactory stria go?

A

Temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do olfactory signals from the temporal lobe go?

A

Olfactory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the parts of the olfactory cortex?

A

Piriform cortex
Amygdala
Enterhinal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do signals from the olfactory cortex go?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How can you test the first cranial nerve?

A

Test smell in each nostril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of the second cranial nerve?

A

Optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you test the second cranial nerve?

A

Snellen chart
Visual field test
Pupillary light reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the visual field?

A

Total area of each eye where we can see images

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is it called when the visual field is tested using instruments?

A

Perimetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is papilloedema?

A

Swelling of the optic disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is papilloedema caused by?

A

Increased ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What nucleus in the midbrain do some fibres from the eye synapse in?

A

Pretectorial nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What parasympathetic nucleus is stimulated in the pupillary light reflex?

A

Edinger-Westphal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscle do post ganglionic parasympathetic neurons act on in the pupillary light reflex?

A

Constrictor pupillae

17
Q

What does PEARL test?

A

Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light
Midbrain,
Optic nerve
Occulomotor nerve

18
Q

What is the test for cranial nerves 3, 4 and 6?

A

Ask patient to keep their head still and ask them to follow your finger as you make a H shape in the air
Watch for nystagmus, diplopsia

19
Q

What is the name of the third cranial nerve?

A

Occulomotor

20
Q

Which muscles does the occulomotor nerve act on?

A

Levator palpebrae superioris
superior, inferior and medial rectus
inferior oblique

21
Q

What reflexes travel in III?

A

Pupillary light reflex

Accommodation

22
Q

Which cranial nerves run in the brainstem midline?

A

3, 4, 6, 12

23
Q

Which cranial nerves run in the lateral brainstem?

A

5, 7, 9, 11

24
Q

What is the name of the fourth cranial nerve?

25
Which muscle does the trochlear nerve act on?
Superior oblique
26
Which cranial nerves leave through the pons?
5, 6, 7, 8
27
Which cranial nerves leave through the medulla?
9, 10, 11, 12
28
Which cranial nerves leave above the brainstem?
1, 2
29
Which cranial nerves leave in the brainstem?
3, 4
30
What is the name of the sixth cranial nerve?
Abducens
31
Which muscle does abducens control?
Lateral rectus
32
What are the signs of an extradural hematoma?
Pupil will initially constrict and later dilate on the same side as the hematoma
33
What is the name of the fifth cranial nerve?
Trigeminal
34
How is the 5th cranial nerve tested?
Corneal reflex | Test for fine touch in the area of each of its branches
35
Which muscle is involved in the corneal reflex?
Orbicularis oculi
36
Which nerves are involved in the corneal reflex?
Afferent: Opthalamic Efferent: facial
37
What is lens accommodation?
Adaptation of the eye to look at near objects
38
What actions happen in accommodation?
Increase in lens curvature Constrict pupil Convergence of the eye
39
What muscle causes convergence of the eye in accommodation?
Medial rectus