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2 - Cognitive > 2 - Vision > Flashcards

2 - Vision Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the eye gets 2D projections of a 3D world? (Vision Cognitive)

A

The retina

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2
Q

What are the 4 main parts of the eye? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Pupils
  • Iris
  • Cornea/lens
  • Ciliary muscles
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3
Q

What function does pupil the have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Light enters the eye

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4
Q

What function does the iris have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Adjusts/contracts around the pupil to control the amount of incoming light

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5
Q

What function does the cornea/lens have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Focuses light on the retina

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6
Q

What function does the ciliary muscles have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Pulls the lens tight to change the refractive index (focuses on different distances)

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7
Q

What are the 2 main parts of the photoreceptor? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Rods

- Cones

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8
Q

What is the function of a rod? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Contains rhodopsin (light sensitive receptor protein)

- Response to dim lighting

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9
Q

What is the function of a cone? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Only work in bright light

- Sensitive to green, red & blue colour light

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10
Q

Starting at the front of the eye, heading towards the back, what features are in the retina? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Optic nerve
  • Ganglion cells
  • Amacrine cells
  • Horizontal/bipolar cells
  • Cones/rods
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11
Q

What are the 2 groups ganglion cells are broken in to? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Large parasol ganglion cells

- Small midget ganglion cells

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12
Q

What are large parasol ganglion cells(LPGC)? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Take in areas of the retina/input from photoreceptors

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13
Q

What are small midget ganglion cells (SMGC)? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Take input from a smaller number of photoreceptors

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14
Q

What type of receptor field do LPGC have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Large receptor field

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15
Q

What type of receptor field do SMGC have? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Small receptor field

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16
Q

What processing stream does LPGC connect to? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Magnocellular

17
Q

What processing stream does SMGC connect to? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Parvocellular

18
Q

What is lateral inhibition? (Vision Cognitive)

A

When off surround retinal ganglion cells have a normal receptor field that has excitatory connections from the photoreceptors in the centre of its receptor field, and inhibitory receptors in the periphery

19
Q

What is the lateral geniculate nucleus good at? (Vision Cognitive)

A

+ Picking out sharp images

+ Filtering information from an input

20
Q

What is the lateral geniculate nucleus bad at? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Spotting gradual changes

21
Q

Where is the lateral geniculate nucleus located? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Thalamus

22
Q

What is the relationship between visual field and the lateral geniculate nucleus? (Vision Cognitive)

A

The lateral geniculate nucleus in the left hemisphere receives information from the right visual field, and vice versa

23
Q

What are the three layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus and what do they detect? (Vision Cognitive)

A

1) Magnocellular cells (LPGC) = movement
2) Parvocellular cells (SMGC) = colour and detail
3) Koniocellular cells (in-between layers) = blue/yellow colour detection

24
Q

What is the primary visual cortex also known as? (Vision Cognitive)

A

V1 or striate cortex

25
Q

What does V1 do? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Map of the whole visual field
  • Not mapped equally
  • Reflected in the number of photoreceptors
26
Q

What is the dorsal pathway? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Where

27
Q

What is the ventral pathway? (Vision Cognitive)

A

What

28
Q

What are the characteristics of the dorsal pathway? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Information streamed regarding location
  • Heads for motor system
  • Plans motor actions
29
Q

What are the characteristics of the ventral pathway? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Specialised information that is out in the world

30
Q

What does the eye detect? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Edge detection

- Contrast detection

31
Q

What does the thalamus detect? (Vision Cognitive)

A

Motor perception

32
Q

What does the cortex detect? (Vision Cognitive)

A
  • Orientation detection

- Face detection

2 - Cognitive (23 decks)

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