2 - Mind/Body Medicine Flashcards
Mind/Body medicine was previously interchangeable with what terms?
- Psychosomatic medicine
- Health psychology
- Behavioral medicine
What is the definition of mind-body medicine?
- practices that focus on the interactions among the brain, mind, body, and behaviour, with the intent to use the mind to affect physical functioning and promote health
- emphasizes an approach that enhances a person’s capacity for self-knowledge and self-care
What is the Placebo Effect?
- well known effect
- RCT’s must be “placebo-controlled”
- believed to be mediated through both cognitive (expectation and belief) and conditioning mechanisms
- in most placebo-controlled trials, placebos improve symptoms for approx 1/3 of control subjects
Describe the placebo effect and other ethical considerations?
Ethical issues - deception, loss of trust
-Use of placebos in clinical practise is common
Does placebo effect still work if they are told they are getting it?
Yes they can - slide 19
What are some types of mind-body therapies?
- Relaxation & Stress Reduction (progressive muscle relaxation, breathing exercises)
- Hypnosis
- Guided imagery
- Meditation
- Tai Chi/ Qi gong
- Yoga
- Biofeedback
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies (CBT)
What are the common mind-body therapies?
- deep breathing exercises
- meditation
- yoga, tai chi, qi gong
Impact of _____ on the body is well documented, as well as improvements in health that result from relaxation strategies
stress
Types of _______ techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis, guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation, tai chi, yoga, deep breathing.
relaxation
Describe 4-7-8 breath
Breath in for 4 secs through nose Hold for 7 secs Breath out for 8 secs through mouth -4-8 cycles -2 times/day -anytime feeling anxious
Good for all patients, but especially for:
- anxiety/panic attacks
- increases ratio of parasympathetic to sympathetic activity
What is meditation?
a variety of techniques aimed to focus or control one’s attention
What do most types of meditation involve?
- a quiet location
- a specific, comfortable position (sitting, lying, standing, walking)
- a focus of attention (ex on breath, mantra)
- an open attitude (letting distractions come and go without judging them)
What is meditation used for?
- anxiety
- depression
- pain
- stress
- insomnia
- coping with emotional/physical symptoms associated with chronic illnesses
- overall health and well-being
What are the 2 common forms of meditation?
1) Transcendental Meditation (TM)
2) Mindfulness meditation
Describe Transcendental Meditation
- Focusing attention on the repetition of a mantra (a word, sound or phrase repeated silently)
- Goal to achieve state of relaxed awareness
Describe Mindfulness Meditation
- Focusing attention in the present, common to focus on breath
- Focus on what is being experienced without reacting or judging it
- Learn to experience thoughts/emotions with greater balance and acceptance
Can meditation enhance student performance?
Yes - slide 34
What are some daily mindfulness activities?
- mindful eating
- mindful walking
- mindfulness during routine activities (shower, washing hands, b/p)