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Natural Products > 19 - Traditional Chinese Medicine > Flashcards

19 - Traditional Chinese Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

TCM

A

Traditional Chinese Medicine

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2
Q

What provinces have TCM practitioner and acupuncturist licensing programs?

A

BC, Alberta, Ontario, Newfoundland, and Quebec

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3
Q

How is TCM managed in Manitoba ?

A

Manitoba is not subject to government regulation. Practitioners must quality for membership in a regulatory association.

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4
Q

CMAAC

A

Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Association of Canada

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5
Q

In a province where acupuncture and/or TCM is NOT governed by a regulatory body, what does someone have to do to be certified ?

A

Completed AT LEAST a 3 year full time acupuncture/traditional Chinese medicine course that equals a minimum of 1900 hours of full time study, plus 500 Clinical hours, from an education institution approved by CMAAC or registered by a provincial Department of Education (in Nova Scotia, the Department of Labour and Advanced Education) and/or FTCMCC (Federation of TCM Colleges of Canada)

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6
Q

TCM originated in ancient China and has been practiced for over ____ years

A

2000

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7
Q

What is the oldest received work of Chinese medical theory?

A

The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon

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8
Q

List 3 historical TCM physicians

A
  • Bian Que
  • Hua Tuo
  • Li Shizhen
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9
Q

List 3 points about Bian Que

A
  • The earliest known Chinese physician
  • Skilled in feeling pulse and acupuncture
  • Prevention is better than cure
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10
Q

List 3 points about Hua Tuo

A
  • The first person in China to use anesthesia during surgery
  • Developed “Wuqinxi” (exercise of the five animals)
  • Better to maintain health than to cure disease
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11
Q

List 2 points about Li Shizhen

A
  • Regarded as the greatest Chinese physician and and pharmacologist
  • Best known for writing “Compendium of Materia Medical (Bencao Gangmu”
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12
Q

List 2 theories of TCM

A
  • Qi/Meridians

- Yin-Yang

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13
Q

List 2 things used in diagnosis of TCM

A
  • Tongue

- Pulse

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14
Q

List 3 treatments used in TCM

A
  • Herbalism
  • Acupuncture
  • Cupping
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15
Q

What is Qi?

A
  • A basic concept of TCM (pronounced as “chee”)
  • Most closely translated as “energy”
  • Energy (Qi) flow in the body follows certain pathways called meridians or channels
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16
Q

What are meridians?

A
  • Meridians (also called channels) are networks of pathways along which Qi energy flows
  • 14 main channels connecting the body in a web-like interconnecting matrix of 360 acupoints
  • Meridians correspond to different organs

*Illness occurs when Qi flow is blocked or obstructed

17
Q

What is Yin-Yang ?

A
  • Yin and Yang are terms used to describe the opposing manifestations of Qi.
  • Parasympathetic (yin) vs sympathetic (yang) nervous system
  • Changing and transforming to each other
  • Health = Balance of yin-yang of Qi
  • Illness = Imbalance
18
Q

What is Yin associated with?

A
  • Cold
  • Dark
  • Interior
  • Structure
  • Fatigue
  • Chronic
19
Q

What is Yang associated with?

A
  • Hot
  • Bright
  • Exterior
  • Function
  • Insomnia
  • Acute
20
Q

How do we diagnose using the tongue?

A

Look at:

Body: size, color, shape
Coating: color, moisture and thickness

21
Q

How do we diagnose using the pulse?

A

Checking the radial artery pulse to feel the rate, strength, and quality

22
Q

Describe Herbalism

A
  • Herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts
  • Chinese herbs originate from he discovery that some plants could alleviate or eliminate suffering from diseases
23
Q

Where do we get herbal material?

A
  • Plant: crude and prepared leaves, barks, berries, roots, gums, seeds, stems
  • Insects
  • Minerals
  • Animal products
24
Q

Describe Herbal Treatment

A
  • Individualized base formula with individualized modifications
  • Formula modified in follow-up
  • Short term symptom treatment
  • Long-term tonic treatment
25
Q

What are some safety issues with herbal medicine?

A
  • Misidentification
  • Self-prescribing
  • Substitution
  • Medication interactions
  • Contamination
  • Allergic reactions
  • Adulteration
26
Q

How is herbal medicine sold ?

A
  • Dry extracts (pills or capsules)
  • Teas
  • Syrups
  • Oils
27
Q

What does “Acupuncture” mean?

A

Acu = needle

Acupuncture = means to puncture with needles

28
Q

Describe Acupuncture

A
  • An ancient Chinese practise of inserting needles in specific points on the body to manipulate the flow of energy or Qi
  • One of the oldest, most commonly used medical procedures in the world
  • It became widely known in North America in 1970’s

-Feels like a mosquito bite and then just pressure, not really painful

29
Q

How does acupuncture work?

A
  • Qi blockage in the meridians results in illness
  • Acupuncture unblocks the blockages to allow the Qi flow freely
  • Acupuncture integrates different systems of the body and promotes self-healing
  • Treat a person as a whole, not just the symptoms
  • Stimulate nerves, which transmit electrical impulses to the spinal cord, brain and the body
  • Stimulate the central nervous system to release chemicals (serotonins, endorphins, enkephalins) into local or distant areas of the body
30
Q

What can acupuncture be beneficial for?

A
  • Pain-related concerns (acute/chronic)
  • Digestive problems
  • Anxiety/depression
  • Infertility
  • Insomnia
31
Q

Risks and side effects of acupuncture ?

A
  • Safe when conducted by a qualified practitioner
  • Mild, short-lasting side effects do occur in some cases, however, including: pain where the needles puncture the skin, bleeding or bruising where the needles are removed
  • Serious complications, such as infections or tissue damage, are extremely rare
  • Only occur as the result of practice carried by a practitioner who has not been properly trained
32
Q

What is cupping?

A

Cupping therapy is an ancient Chinese form of alternative medicine in which local suction is created on the skin

33
Q

2 ways to perform cupping?

A
  • Fire cupping

- Pump cupping

34
Q

What can cupping be used for?

A
  • Muscle pain & stiffness
  • Anxiety, Fatigue
  • Skin problems
  • Migraines
  • Hypertension
  • Fever, Cold & Flu
35
Q

How does cupping work?

A
  • Stimulate internal energy flow, revive weakened organ functions, and improve immunity
  • Suck out wind, cold, dampness and blood
  • Strengthen the phagocytic functions of white blood cells and the reticuloendothelial system
  • Result in blood stasis and autoimmune hemolytic phenomena
  • Regulate nerve excitability, dual-direction regulation
36
Q

Compare TCM and Western Medicine

A

TCM:

  • Individualized
  • Experience-based
  • Summary of clinical observations
  • Emphasizes the role of the body in healing
  • Herbs and natural agents
  • Behavior of the system as a whole
  • Works to maintain health

Western Medicine:

  • Standardized
  • Evidence-based
  • Results of empirical evidences
  • Mainly relies on medication and procedures
  • Pure chemical compounds
  • Structure and function of the parts
  • Manages disease

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