2. How should we care about biodiversity Flashcards
Is biodiversity loss accelerating or deaccelerating?
Accelerating
what level is our climate risk at rn ?
Moderate
What are some unique, threatened systems
Indigenous people
coral reeefs
arctic areas
what are the 3 major systems (values) used to justify the conservation of biodiversity?
intrinsic
instrumental
relational
what is intrinsic value
Nature for nature’s sake
what is instrumental values
nature for the goods and services it provides humans
what is relational values
nature for relationships that foster a sense of identity, social responsibility and emotional well-being
is science value-neutral or objective
no
What are morals
personal compass of what is right or wrong
what are ethics
rules or norms that are governed by external source
peer norms
religious norms
how do humans usually pick the one species right to exist?
We pick the one most similar to us
what does intrinsic values focus on
pain or suffering animals can have
animal welfare
human treatment, ethical treatment
what are some direct ways that human harm organisms
hunting and poaching
what are some indirect ways that human harm organisms
fishing traps catching wrong animals
hunting traps
polar ice melting , polar bears suffering
sentient meaning
responsive or conscious of sense impresssions
holistic ethical arguments meaning
create conflict with individualistic arguments for animal welfare
what is an example of a holistic ethical argument
rats are invasive species so removing them may help ecosystem rebalancing; conflict occurs
what do instrumental values focus on
benefits nature can provide for humans to meet materialistic needs and desiresw
what is the most attractive approach of valueing biodiversity according to governments
instrumental values
how do instrumental valuation of biodiversity and economic arguments clash
making deerfoot trail was needed for human travelling, and was seen as more important that floodplain diversity
what is the utilitarian calculus
evaluating how much biodiversity can be loss due to economic interest
Examples of direct use instrumental value
cutting down trees for fuel
Examples of indirect use instrumental value
wetland providing moisture to soak into crops the farmers are planting
Examples of non use value, instrumental value
moutnains in banff have existence value
intact nature for future generations to enjoy
Examples of option value, instrumental value
using mole rats for cancer research
what is relational values really about
people, the land and non human rganisms
happiness, identity, emotional well-being
sense of purpose
what is intrinsic value (moral )
based on right or wrong
all species have right to exist
what is intrinsic value (ethical )
based on social norms and confuct
unethical to give pain to another living being
what is intrinsic value (religious )
belief in higher power
god gave me stewardship for his or her creation
relational values - personal and cultural identity
nature important to me and my cultures
relational values - social responsibility
a waay to connect with and care for oothers
relational values -historical and education
our place in life. we know human history and where we fit in tree of life
relational values - biophilia
connecting with nature gives me satisfaction
relational values -aesthetic
the beauty of nature gives me an emotional, fulfilling experience
what is common between 3 values
- justicee to future generations
respects earth’s biophysical limits
difference between 3 values
only instrumental can lead to an unsustainable future
what are major ethical worldviews
ecocentrism
biocentrism
anthropocentricism
pluricentrism
what is ecocentrism
most outer layer
biocentric valuation to ecoystems and places
land ethics
deep ecology
what is biocentrism
intrinsic values
individualistic welfarist ethics
focuses on living things
what is anthroopocentrism
people are all valued
humans dominating nature is justified
technocentrism is related to which worldview
anthropocentrism
pluricentrism meaning
oneness with nature, everythign together
