2 Cardiopulmonary Flashcards
The four basic goals of pulmonary medication are…
- Promotion of bronchodilation or relief of bronchoconstriction or both
- Facilitation of the removal of secretions from the lungs
- Improvement of alveolar ventilation, oxygenation, or both
- Optimization of the breathing pattern
What do antihistamines block?
Histamine effects on the upper respiratory tract
What medication would be used to treat seasonal allergies or a cold?
Antihistamines
What are the problematic side effects of antihistamine drugs?
Sedative effects
Dry out respiratory tract and limit productive cough
Decongestants are __-_ receptor agonists
Alpha 1
Decongestants __________ nasal mucosa
Vasoconstrict
What do mucolytics do?
Break up disulfide binds in mucoproteins
What do expectorants do?
Increase production/ejection of phlegm
Beta adrenergic agonists increase production of ______which initiates _______________.
Cyclic AMP which initiates smith muscle relaxation/ bronchodilation
What are the types of bronchodilators?
- Beta-adrenergic agonists
- Xanthine derivatives
- Anticholinergics
What is the mechanism of action of glucocorticoids?
- Inhibits the inflammatory response in airways
* Prevents bronchoconstriction
Which drugs are glucocorticoids?
Prednisone
Aerobid
Decadron
Solu-Medrol
What is the traditional way to manage asthma?
Inhaled beta 2 agonist then move on to oral glucocorticoids with increased severity
What is the new strategy for managing asthma?
Begin inhaled glucocorticoids early then add other drugs as needed
When do you start treatment if you want to capitalize on the effects of inhaled bronchodilators?
10 minutes
