1 Affective Disorder

Question 1

What are the affective disorders?

Answer 1

Depressions and Bipolar Syndrome

Question 2

Categories of antidepressants

Answer 2

• Tricyclics
• Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhabitors
• Second-generation drugs

Question 3

Antidepressant Drugs: All three groups attempt to

___________ aminergic transmission

Answer 3

Increase

Question 4

Tricyclic drugs work on ____________________ of
neurotransmitters into the
presynaptic terminal

Answer 4

blocking the reuptake

Question 5

MAO type ___ for treating depression

Answer 5

A

Question 6

MAO type ___ for treating Parkinson disease

Answer 6

B

Question 7

Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors directly _________ activity at the
synapses

Answer 7

Increase, which cause changes in the activity and sensitivity of receptors at the synapse.

Question 8

Second Generation Antidepressants

Answer 8

• More specific in treating specific depressive symptoms in some patients.
• Have a lower incidence of side effects such as cardiovascular effects and sedation

Question 9

True or false: Second generation depression drugs bind to beta blockers

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What are side effects associated with tricyclics?

Answer 10

• Sedation is major problem 
• Lethargy 
• Confusion, delirium 
• Dry mouth, constipation, urinary
retention 
• Tachycardia, arrhythmias,
orthostatic hypotension

Question 11

Why is urine retention a dangerous side effect?

Answer 11

You can’t get the drug out of your system

Question 12

Side effects of MAOi?

Answer 12

• Restless, irritability,  agitation, sleep loss 
• Dry mouth, tremors, confusion 
• Profound increase in BP leading to a
hypertensive crisis 
• Have reaction with fermented cheese
and wine

Question 13

My doctor told me not to perform intense workouts, eat bleu cheese or drink wine. What did he prescribe me?

Answer 13

MAOi for my depression… ironically.

Question 14

Side effects of second generation depression drugs

Answer 14

• Type and severity of side effects
vary to the specific drug 
• GI upset 
• Insomnia 
• Drugs that cause an increase of serotonin activity, may cause “serotonin syndrome”.

Question 15

Serotonin Syndrome

Answer 15

• sweating,
• shivering,
• movement disorders
• –severe restlessness,
• –dystonias,
• –dyskinesia
• muscle fasciculations.

Question 16

Neurological effects of lithium

Answer 16

• Stabilizes neuronal excitability by
decreasing sensitivity of the postsynaptic receptors.

• Decreases the release of
norepinephrine and dopamine

Question 17

Lithium absorption and distribution

Answer 17

• Absorbed in the GI tract

* Distributed throughout the body

Question 18

Dangers and side effects of lithium

Answer 18

• Danger of accumulation within the body 
• It is not metabolized, drug
elimination takes place through
excretion in the urine. 
• Toxic levels frequently reached. 
• Side effects with serum levels reach
1.5mEq/L

Question 19

What quantity constitutes a mild overdose of Lithium? Side effects?

Answer 19

• Mild – 1.5 mEq/L

• Fine hand tremors at rest
• GI upset
• Muscle weakness
• Fatigue problems with memory

Question 20

What quantity constitutes a moderate overdose of Lithium? Side effects?

Answer 20

• Moderate – 1.5- 3.0 mEq/L

• Confusion
• Lethargy
• Ataxia
• Dysarthria
• ↑DTRs, ↑tremors

Question 21

What quantity constitutes a severe Lithium overdose? Side effects?

Answer 21

• Severe – 3.0 mEq/L

• Seizures
• Respiratory complications
• Coma
• Death