1 Pharmacology of the Central Nervous System Flashcards
Blood brain barrier
Refers to the unique structure and function of the CNS capillaries.
Certain substances are not able to pass from the blood stream into the CNS
The blood brain barrier effect is caused primarily by…
the tight junction that
occurs between capillary
endothelial cells.
______ cells in the CNS and the ________________ contribute to the impermeability of the blood brain barrier
Nonneural cells and the capillary basement membrane
__________ drugs are able to cross the blood-brain barrier by ________ ________.
Lipid-soluble drugs are able to cross the blood-brain barrier by passive diffusion.
What happens if a drug that “will not benefit the CNS” diffuse through the blood brain barrier?
these drugs are then rapidly and efficiently transported out of the brain and back into systemic circulation.
Acetylcholine
- cognition and memory
- excitatory
Dopamine
Important in regulating motor control.
Influences mood and emotions.
Inhibitory
Monoamine
Norepinephrine
important in alertness,
fight or flight.
Inhibitory
Monoamine
Serotonin
important in the inhibition of painful stimuli, and controlling mood and behavior.
Inhibitory
Monoamine
Monoamines
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Amino acids that are neurotransmitters
Glycine
GABA
Aspartate
Glutamate
Glycine
Inhibitory in spinal cord
Amino acid
GABA
Inhibitory in presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons
Amino acid
Aspartate and glutamate
Produce neurotoxic effects when release during CNS injury
Excitatory
Amino acid
Peptides
Peptides relate to pain*
Substance P
Enkephalins
