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Biology Y12 > 2 - BM DNA + RNA (+ATP) > Flashcards

2 - BM DNA + RNA (+ATP) Flashcards

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1
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

What does RNA stand for?

A

Ribonucleic acid

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3
Q

What are the different types of RNA?

A
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4
Q

What is a nucleotide made from?

A

Phosphate group, carbon pentose sugar, complimentary base

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5
Q

What are the bases within DNA?

A

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

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6
Q

What are the bases in RNA?

A

Adenine
Uracil
Cytosine
Guanine

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7
Q

What are the complimentary base pairs in DNA?

A

A&T
G&C

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8
Q

What do nucleic acids contain?

A

Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Carbon

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9
Q

Nucleotide + Nucleotide + Nucleotide etc… = ?
What type of reaction is this?

A

Polynucleotide
Condensation reaction

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10
Q

How many H bonds are there between base pairs in DNA?

A

A&T = 2 H Bonds
G&C = 3 H Bonds (makes this base pairing more stable that A&T)

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11
Q

What is the type of bond that holds DNA bases together?

A

Hydrogen bonds.

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12
Q

What are the differences between RNA & DNA?

A
  • RNA = ribose sugar, DNA = deoxyribose
  • RNA = single strand, DNA = double helix
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13
Q

What other molecule has a similar structure to a nucleotide?

A

ATP

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14
Q

What is the structure of ATP?

A

An adenine base bonded to a ribose sugar which is bonded to 3 phosphate groups.

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15
Q

What is ATP?

A

adenosine triphosphate

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16
Q

Why are the phosphate groups in adenosine triphosphate important?

A

When separated from ATP molecules, they phosphorylate other molecules in the cells, making them more reactive.

17
Q

Hydrolysis of ATP

A

catalysed by enzyme ATP hydrolase, ATP loses a phosphate group to form ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi)

18
Q

What enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?

A

Enzyme ATP hydrolase.

19
Q

What goes the inorganic phosphate group do?

A

When separated from ATP molecules, they phosphorylate other molecules in the cells, making them more reactive.

Biology Y12 (11 decks)

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