Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Y12 > 1 Cells - organelles + functions (plant and animal eukaryote) > Flashcards

1 Cells - organelles + functions (plant and animal eukaryote) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the structures inside of the nucleus.
((5))

A
  • Nucleolus
  • Chromatin
  • Nuclear membrane
  • Nuclear pores
  • Nucleoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where and what does the nucleolus do?

A

The nucleolus is inside the nucleus and there can be multiple within a nucleus.
The nucleolus makes rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and assembles ribosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Chromatin?

A

Chromatin is DNA and when coiled up into a specific shape, they become Chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the composition and function of the nuclear membrane.

A

The nuclear membrane is a double membrane which wraps around the nucleus, it controls the passage of materials in and out of the nucleus. The membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are Nuclear pores and what is their function?

A

Nuclear pores are small holes in the double nuclear membranes which allow mRNA out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the liquid inside the nucleus called?

A

Nucleoplasm, similar to the cytoplasm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the structures inside mitochondria. ((5))

A
  • Mitochondrial DNA
  • inner membrane folded into cristae
  • outer membrane (both form a double membrane)
  • matrix
  • ribosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain the arrangement and function of the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

A

The inner membrane is folded into cristae to maximise surface area for enzymes involved in respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the plasma inside the mitochondria called and what does it contain?

A

The plasma inside the mitochondria is called the matrix and contains many enzymes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does the mitochondria contain ribosomes?

A

For protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is DNA inside the mitochondria called?

A

Mitochondrial DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 types of endoplasmic reticulum? (ER)

A
  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which ER has ribosomes on it’s surface?

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the features and functions of RER? ((5))

A
  • ribosomes on the surface
  • continuous network with outer membrane of nucleus
  • makes and transports proteins
  • continuous tubules
  • flattened sacs called cisternae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the Golgi apparatus do?

A

The golgi apparatus modifies the proteins and lipids made in the endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles pinch off and travel to the cell surface membrane where they fuse with it and release the contents out of the cell.

17
Q

Explain what lysosomes contains and why. Give an example of a cell containing lysosomes.

A

Lysosomes contain lots of enzymes which are used to digest/ hydrolyse. An example of a cell containing lysosomes is a phagocytic cell.

18
Q

What are the 2 different types of ribosome?

A
  • 70s
  • 80s
19
Q

What type of ribosomes would a prokaryote contain?

A

70s

20
Q

What type of ribosomes would a eukaryote contain?

A

80s

21
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

The ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

22
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm and give an example.

A

The cytoplasm is the site of chemical reactions within the cell, for example, anaerobic respiration.

23
Q

What is the vacuoles function? ((3))

A
  • Provides the cell with support to maintain a rigid structure.
  • Can be used as temporary food source
  • Involved in the isolation of chemicals
24
Q

What does the vacuole contain? ((5))

A
  • Minerals
  • Sugars
  • Salts
  • Amino-acids
  • Some pigments
25
Q

What is the cell wall made out of and what is it’s function?

A

The cell wall is made out of cellulose and provides strength for the cell.

26
Q

What is the plasmodesmata and what does it do?

A

The plasmodesmata is holes in the endings of each cell that is connected to another cell, they allow for rapid transport of substances between cells such as water.

27
Q

What structures are inside a chloroplast?((4))

A
  • The lamelle
  • Double membrane
  • Thylakoid (individual disks are called grana)
  • Stroma
28
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

A

Site of photosynthesis

Biology Y12 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions