*1E Certificates and Documents - Aircraft Maintenance Requirements Flashcards
- Who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition?
(14 CFR 91.403)
The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition.
- After aircraft inspections have been made and defects have been repaired, who is responsible for determining that the aircraft is in an airworthy condition?
(14 CFR 91.7)
The pilot-in-command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The pilot-in-command shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occur.
- What records or documents should be checked to determine that the owner or operator of an aircraft has complied with all required inspections and airworthiness directives?
(14 CFR 91.405)
The maintenance records (aircraft and engine logbooks). Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service.
- What regulations apply concerning the operation of an aircraft that has had alterations or repairs which may have substantially affected its operation in flight?
(14 CFR 91.407)
No person may operate or carry passengers in any aircraft that has undergone maintenance, preventative maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration that may have appreciably changed its flight characteristics or substantially affected its operation in flight until an appropriately rated pilot with at least a private pilot certificate
a. flies the aircraft;
b. makes an operational check of the maintenance performed or alteration made; and
c. logs the flight in the aircraft records.
- What is an Airworthiness Certificate and how long does it remain valid?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
An Airworthiness Certificate is issued by the FAA only after the aircraft has been inspected and found to meet the requirements of 14 CFR Part 21, and is in a condition for safe operation. Under any circumstances, the aircraft must meet the requirements of the original type certificate. The certificate must be displayed in the aircraft so that it is legible to passengers or crew whenever the aircraft is operated, and it may be transferred with the aircraft except when sold to a foreign purchaser. Standard Airworthiness Certificates remain in effect as long as the aircraft receives the required maintenance and is properly registered in the United States.
- Can a pilot conduct flight operations in an aircraft with known inoperative equipment?
(AC 91-67, 14 CFR 91.213)
Yes, under specific conditions. 14 CFR Part 91 describes acceptable methods for the operation of an aircraft with certain inoperative instruments and equipment that are not essential for safe flight—they are:
a. Operation of aircraft with a Minimum Equipment List (MEL), as authorized by 14 CFR §91.213(a)
b. Operation of aircraft without a MEL under 14 CFR §91.213(d)”
Excerpt From: Michael D. Hayes. “Private Oral Exam Guide.” Aviation Supplies and Academics, Inc., 2012-05-25. iBooks.
This material may be protected by copyright.
Check out this book on the iBooks Store: https://itun.es/us/VQfBR.l
“6. Can a pilot conduct flight operations in an aircraft with known inoperative equipment? (AC 91-67, 14 CFR 91.213)
Yes, under specific conditions. 14 CFR Part 91 describes acceptable methods for the operation of an aircraft with certain inoperative instruments and equipment that are not essential for safe flight—they are:
a. Operation of aircraft with a Minimum Equipment List (MEL), as authorized by 14 CFR §91.213(a)
b. Operation of aircraft without a MEL under 14 CFR §91.213(d)”
Excerpt From: Michael D. Hayes. “Private Oral Exam Guide.” Aviation Supplies and Academics, Inc., 2012-05-25. iBooks.
This material may be protected by copyright.
Check out this book on the iBooks Store: https://itun.es/us/VQfBR.l
- What are Minimum Equipment Lists?
AC 91-67
The Minimum Equipment List (MEL) is a precise listing of instruments, equipment and procedures that allows an aircraft to be operated under specific conditions with inoperative equipment. The MEL is the specific inoperative equipment document for a particular make and model aircraft by serial and registration numbers; e.g., BE-200, N12345. The FAA-approved MEL includes only those items of equipment that the FAA deems may be inoperative and still maintain an acceptable level of safety with appropriate conditions and limitations.
- What limitations apply to aircraft operations conducted using the deferral provision of 14 CFR §91.213(d)?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
When inoperative equipment is found during preflight or prior to departure, the decision should be to cancel the flight, obtain maintenance prior to flight, or to defer the item or equipment. Maintenance deferrals are not used for inflight discrepancies. The manufacturer’s AFM/POH procedures are to be used in those situations.
- What limitations apply to aircraft operations being conducted using MELs?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
The use of an MEL for a small, non-turbine-powered airplane operated under Part 91 allows for the deferral of inoperative items or equipment. The FAA considers an approved MEL to be a supplemental type certificate (STC) issued to an aircraft by serial number and registration number. Once an operator requests an MEL, and a Letter of Authorization (LOA) is issued by the FAA, then the MEL becomes mandatory for that airplane. All maintenance deferrals must be done in accordance with the MEL and the operator-generated procedures document.
- What are the procedures to follow when using 14 CFR §91.213(d) for deferral of inoperative equipment?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
The pilot determines whether the inoperative equipment is required by type design, the regulations, or ADs. If the inoperative item is not required, and the airplane can be safely operated without it, the deferral may be made. Then the pilot removes or deactivates the inoperative item, and places an INOPERATIVE placard near the appropriate switch, control, or indicator.
If deactivation or removal involves maintenance (removal always will), it must be accomplished by certificated maintenance personnel. For example, if the position lights (installed equipment) were discovered to be inoperative prior to a daytime flight, the pilot would follow the requirements of section 91.213(d).
- What are the required maintenance inspections for aircraft?
(14 CFR 91.409)
a. Annual inspection—within the preceding 12 calendar months
b. 100-hour inspection—if carrying any person (other than a crewmember) for hire or giving flight instruction for hire.
If an aircraft is operated for hire it must have a 100-hour inspection as well as an annual inspection when due. If not operated for hire, it must have an annual inspection only.
- If an aircraft has been on a schedule of inspection every 100 hours, under what condition may it continue to operate beyond the 100 hours without a new inspection?
(14 CFR 91.409)
The 100-hour limitation may be exceeded by not more than 10 hours while en route to a place where the inspection can be done. The excess time used to reach a place where the inspection can be done must be included in computing the next 100 hours of time in service.
- What is the difference between an annual inspection and a 100-hour inspection?
(14 CFR Part 43)
No differences exist when comparing the content of an annual inspection with that of a 100-hour inspection. The difference is who is allowed to perform these inspections. Only an A&P mechanic with an Inspection Authorization can perform an annual inspection. 100-hour inspections may be performed by any A&P mechanic (no IA required).
- Be capable of locating the required maintenance and equipment inspections for your aircraft in the aircraft and engine logbooks. What should these include?
(14 CFR 91.409, 91.171, 91.411, 91.413, and 91.207)
A Annual inspection and applicable ADs complied with, every 12 calendar months (14 CFR 91.409)
V VOR check, if used for IFR, every 30 days (14 CFR 91.171)
1 100-hour inspection, if used for hire or flight instruction (14 CFR 91.409)
A Altimeter, altitude reporting equipment, and static pressure systems tested and inspected (for IFR ops), every 24 calendar months (14 CFR 91.411)
T Transponder tests and inspections, every 24 calendar months (14 CFR 91.413)
E Emergency locator transmitter, operation and battery condition inspected every 12 calendar months (14 CFR 91.207)
- What are some of the responsibilities an aircraft owner has pertaining to aircraft documents, maintenance and inspections of their aircraft?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
Aircraft owners must:
a. Have a current Airworthiness Certificate and Aircraft Registration in the aircraft.
b. Maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition including compliance with all applicable Airworthiness Directives.
c. Ensure maintenance is properly recorded.
d. Keep abreast of current regulations concerning the operation of that aircraft.
e. Notify the FAA Civil Aviation Registry immediately of any change of permanent mailing address, or of the sale or export of the aircraft, or of the loss of citizenship.
f. Have a current FCC radio station license if equipped with radios, including emergency locator transmitter (ELT), if operated outside of the United States.
