19: picorna, calci Flashcards
Picornaviridae:
- genera
47 genera. most important:
Entero-, Tescho-, Hepato-, Avihepato-, Tremo-, Cardio-, Aphtho-, Erbo-, Parecho-, Kobuvirus
Picornaviridae:
- Morphology
- Biological properties
- Antigenic properties
- Diagnosis
Morphology: - +ssRNA genome - ~25nm icosahedral capsid - non enveloped Resistance: generally good - Entero-, Hepato-, Tescho-: 56°C, pH 3 - Cardio-, Rhinovirus: weaker
Biological properties:
- Baltimore IV.: genome ~ mRNA – short replication cycle
- single polyprotein processed by viral enzymes
- generally stenoxen (except Aphtho) – in vitro too
- CPE: rounding, rhexis
Antigenic properties:
- good antigens
- serotypes – no cross protection
- transcapsidation
Diagnosis:
- isolation
- IF, CF (FMD)
- indirect: VN, CF, AGID, ELISA
Enterovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Swine vesicular disease (SVD, porcine picornavirus 9)
- -> swine – clinical signs ~ FMD
- -> antigenic structure ~ coxsackie B5
- Bovine enterovirus (1-2)
- Human poliovirus (1-3): polioencephalomyelitis
- Human coxsackie virus A (1-24) and B (1-6)
- -> aseptic meningitis; hand, foot, and mouth disease
- Human echovirus (1-33) – enteric cytopathic human orphan
- Rhinoviruses (rhinos – nose)
- -> Common cold – cattle (1-3), human (~100)
- -> thermosensitive mutants - rhinitis
- Simian enteroviruses
Teschovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Porcine teschovirus 1: Teschen/Talfan disease
poliomyelitis, paralysis
Porcine teschovirus 2-8, 10-13: apathogen
Hepatovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Hepatitis A
- -> human – hepatitis, icterus
- Simian hepatitis A
Tremovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Avian encephalomyelitis – chicken, Epidemic tremor
Cardiovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Encephalomyocarditis virus
- -> euryxen
- -> reservoir: rodents
- -> swine, horse, human, elephants
Aphthovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Foot and mouth disease
- -> serotypes: O, A, C, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3, Asia-1
- -> euryxen: ruminants, swine, (human)
- -> vesicles (oral cavity, hoofs, enteric mucosa), myocarditis
- Equine rhinitis A
Erbovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Equine rhinitis B
Parechovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Human, rodent parechoviruses – enteritis or apathogen
Kobuvirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Aichi virus – human enteric disease
Avihepatovirus genus:
(Picornaviridae)
- Duck hepatitis A or 1
Unassigned picornaviruses:
- Equine picornaviruses
- Turkey hepatitis
- Guineafowl enteritis
- Avian entero-like viruses
- Sea-animal enteroviruses
Picornavirales:
- family
- Dicistroviridae
- Iflaviridae
- Caliciviridae
Picornavirales:
- morphology
Viruses with similar morphology
- 20-40 nm, icosahedral capsid, no envelop
- +ssRNA
Differences in genome organization, host spectrum
Dicistroviridae:
- subfamily
(Picornavirales)
- Aparavirus
- -> Acute bee paralysis virus
- -> Israeli acute paralysis virus
- -> Kashmir bee virus
- Cripavirus
- -> Black queen cell virus
Iflaviridae:
- subfamiliy
(Picornavirales)
- Iflavirus
- -> Sacbrood virus
- -> Deformed wing virus
Caliciviridae:
- genera
(Picornavirales)
Vesi-, Lago-, Noro-, Sapovirus genus
Caliciviridae:
- Morphology
- Biological properties
- Antigenic properties
- Diagnosis
Morphology: - +ssRNA genome - ~40nm icosahedral capsid - non enveloped Resistance: good (56°C, pH 5)
Biological properties:
- Baltimore IV. – subgenomic mRNAs
- stenoxen - propagation in species specific tissue cultures
→ RHD: in vitro not possible to propagate
- CPE: lysis
Antigenic properties: good antigens
Diagnosis:
- clinical signs
- isolation if possible
- AGID, IF, EM
- serology: AGID, IIF
Vesivirus genus:
(Picornavirales, Caliciviridae)
- Vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV)
- -> clinical signs ~ FMD
- -> only swine, North America
- San Miguel sea lion virus (~VESV)
- Feline calicivirus
- -> respiratory disease, mucosal erosions
- Bovine-, cetacean-, primate-, reptile-, skunk caliciviruses
Lagovirus genus:
(Picornavirales, Caliciviridae)
- Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD)
- European brown hare disease (EBHD)
Norovirus genus:
(Picornavirales, Caliciviridae)
- Norwalk, Hawaii, Mexico, Southampton viruses
→ human food-borne gastroenteritis
Sapovirus genus:
(Picornavirales, Caliciviridae)
- Sapporo, Huston, London, Manchester, Parkville viruses
→ human food-borne gastroenteritis
Unassigned caliciviruses:
Bovine-, canine-, porcine-, fowl-, mink caliciviruses
