181-200 vt terms Flashcards
Pre–World War I secret Serbian society; one of its members, Gavrilo Princip, assassinated Austrian archduke Francis Ferdinand and provided the spark for the outbreak of the Great War.
Black Hand
The war opens on the Eastern front, The war in the east began with the Russian invasion of East Prussia on 17 August 1914 and the Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia. … They made some progress, crossing the Carpathian Mountains in February and March 1915, but then the German relief helped the Austrians stop further Russian advances.
The Eastern Front
The Russians underestimate the value of messaging in code, and give away key battle strategy decisions to the Germans.
Coded messages
On the Western Front, the war was fought by soldiers in trenches. Trenches were long, narrow ditches dug into the ground where soldiers lived. They were very muddy, uncomfortable and the toilets overflowed. These conditions caused some soldiers to develop medical problems such as trench foot. Awful conditions… many died from the conditions.
Trench warfare
The Germans unleashed this in the summer of 1917. It attacked the skin and blinded its victims, thereby defeating existing gas masks and respirators. By the Armistice, chemical shells made up 35 percent of French and German ammunition supplies, 25 percent British and 20 percent American.
Mustard gas
The neutral zone between the two walled trench areas of each side of the war.
No Man’s Land
Aerial battles between the aircraft of the time… planes with machine guns mounted on them.
Dog fights
A leader of the Progressive Movement, was the 28th President of the United States (1913-1921). After a policy of neutrality at the outbreak of World War I, Wilson led America into war in order to “make the world safe for democracy.”
Woodrow Wilson
Dying and suffering were not limited solely to combatants. Because they were crucial to the war effort, millions of civilians became targets of enemy military operations. On 30 August 1914, Parisians looked up at the sky and saw a new weapon of war, a huge, silent German zeppelin (a hydrogen-filled airship) whose underbelly rained bombs. Although the attack killed just one person, it heralded a new kind of warfare—air war against civilians.
Rules of war change
The “back home” connection… the idea that the nation fighting had to have economic and emotional support from people back home.
The home front
No target is spared
Total war
Essentially fake or embellished news… information fed to the enemy and the “home-front” (on occasion) meant to shape public opinion on key points of war and society.
Propaganda
Includes Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Newfoundland, and South Africa.
British “dominion lands”
Was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924.
Vladimir Lenin
Karl Marx was a political philosopher. He wrote the Communist Manifesto. he pointed out the fact that wealthy elites have been ruling over the lower classes for a long time. He called for workers to rebel and revolt against those who own the means of production.
Marxism
