121-140 vt terms Flashcards
After the establishment of the Dominion of Canada in 1867, politicians started a program of economic development known as the National Policy. The idea was to attract migrants, protect, nascent industries through tariffs, and build national transportation systems.
The Canadian “National Policy”
By the late nineteenth century, the Unites States had become a boisterous multicultural society — the most culturally diverse land of the Western Hemisphere — whose population included indigenous peoples, Euro-Americans, African Americans, and growing numbers of migrants from Europe and Asia.
America as a rich multicultural society
As they expanded to the west, Euro-American settlers and ranchers pushed indigenous peoples off their own lands and onto marginal tracts of land called reservations. Even though the reservations were supposed to be sovereign land for Native Americans, the U.S. government nevertheless permitted settlers and railroads to encroach on the reservations, which forced indigenous people onto even smaller and less productive territories. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, the United States government embarked on a policy designed to reduce indigenous autonomy even further through laws and reforms aimed at forcibly assimilating tribes to American culture and destroying Native American cultural traditions.
The marginalization of indigenous American Peoples
The most powerful group of people in the United States during the nineteenth century — white males of European ancestry — defined the nation in terms of the legacies of the American revolution and a common Western European heritage. This group often resisted incorporating other people from different traditions into the nation, including former enslaved people, immigrants from Asia and southern Europe, and Native Americans.
The Birth of the Nationalist Movement in America
A biological model that asserts that males everywhere tend to be more aggressive than females, a sex difference which appears to have a genetic base. A modern theory of sociobiology offers another explanation for this behavior. This term originated in the early 1930s and 40s from Spanish speaking American cultures best defined as having masculinity and pride.
Machismo
For nearly a century, the people and politicians of the Northern and Southern states had been clashing over the issues that finally led to war:
Economic interests, cultural values, the power of the federal government to control the states, and most importantly, slavery in American society
The U.S. Civil War
Causes
- maritime issues: impressment was the most volatile issue between the United States and Britain
- expansionism: the division of land after the revolution did not leave everyone satisfied
- political
The War of 1812
(Females) took on a range of roles from providing domestic support to dressing as men and leading troops into combat.
Soldaderas
(Cree Indian peoples) it was a rebellion by the Métis people under Louis Riel and an associated uprising by First Nations Cree and Assiniboine of the District of Saskatchewan against the Canadian government. The result was the permanent enforcement of Canadian law in the west, the subjugation of Pains Indigenous Peoples in Canada, and the conviction and hanging of Louis Riel.
The Northwest Rebellion
On June 25, 1876, Native American forces led by Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull defeat the U.S. Army troops of Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer.
The Battle of Little Bighorn
The forcible removal of several tribes of indigenous Americans to places far away, offering little or no help to get there and to survive once relocated.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830
(December 29, 1890) the slaughter of approximately 150-300 Lakota Indians by the United States Army troops in the area of Wounded Knee Creek in southwestern South Dakota. The massacre was the climax of the U.S. Army’s late 19th century efforts to repress the Plains Indians.
Wounded Knee Massacre
The political, economic, or military predominance of one state over other states. In Ancient Greece, it denoted the politico-military dominance of a city- state over other city-states, wherein the dominant state is it.
Hegemony
A Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions. The term comes from the Russian verb meaning “to think” or “to consider.”
Duma
A military conflict fought from October 1853 to February 1856 in which Russia lost to an alliance of France, the Ottoman Empire, the United Kingdom, and Sardinia. The immediate cause of the war involved the rights of Christian minorities in the Holy Land, which was part of the Ottoman Empire.
The Crimea War
