18. Urinary System Flashcards
W
Includes two kidneys, two ureters, the
urinary bladder, and the urethra.
Urinary System
filter blood to make urine,
which contains extra water, ions, waste
products like urea, and toxins.
Kidney
control the composition and volume
of body fluids.
Major Function of the Urinary System
Kidneys perform this function through multiple processes.
- Excretion
2.Regulation of Blood Volume and Pressure - Regulation of Extracellular fluid pH
- Regulation of RBC synthesis
- Regulation of Vit D Synthesis
- Regulation of the Concentration of Solutes in the Blood
The process of removing waste from the body.
Excretion
Regulate the amount of fluid in the blood and keeps blood pressure stable
Regulation of Blood Volume and Pressure
Help regulate the concentration of the major molecules and ions, such as glucose and others in the blood.
Regulation of the Concentration of Solutes in the Blood
Help control the acidity or alkalinity of nthe fluid outside of cells bu getting rid of different amounts of hydrogen ions
Regulation of Extracellular Fluid pH
Controls the production of rbc in the bone marrow
Regulation of rbc synthesis
Help manage the amount of calcium in the blood by controlling the production of vit D.
Regulation of Vit D Synthesis
Beans in shape and are roughly the size of a clenched fist
Kidneys
A layer of connective tissue surrounding each kidney
Renal Capsule
Two main parts of the kidney which surrounds the renal sinus
Outer Cortex and Inner Medulla
This is like the kidney’s tiny workhorse
Nephron
The organ that sorts the substances from the blood for either removal in the urine or return to the blood
Kidney
The structural components that perform the sorting things of the kidney
Nephrons
Functional units of the kidney
Nephrons
Three Categories of Urine Production
- Filtration
- Tubular Reabsorption
- Tubular Secretion
Chemicals that increase the rate of urine formation
Diuretics
Under diuretics which increases renal blood flow and the rate of glomerular filtrate formation.
Caffeine
Small tubes that carry urine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to the posterior inferior portion of the urinary bladder.
Ureters
A hollow, muscular container that lies in the pelvic cavity just posterior to the pubic symphysis. It stores urine
Urinary Bladder
Tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
Urethra
Triangle-shaped portion of the urinary bladder.
Trigone
A junction between bladder and urethra. It contracts to keep semen from entering the bladder during sex.
Internal Urinary Sphincter
Skeletal muscle that surrounds urethra which allows a person to start or stop flow of urine through urethra.
External Urinary Sphincter
Two major body fluid compartments
- Intracellular Fluid Compartment
- Extracellular Fluid Compartment
Includes the fluid inside all the cells of the body
Intracellular Fluid Compartment
Includes all the fluid outside the cells
Extracellular Fluid Compartment
High blood pressure at the arterial end of a capillary pushes fluid out of the capillary and into the interstitial space surrounding cells.
Filtration
Fluid is pulled back into he capillary from the interstitial space.
Reabsorption.
Occurs when the body’s pH falls below 7.35
Acidosis
Body’s pH rises above 7.45
Alkalosis
