17.2.1 - Carbonyl compounds and their properties Flashcards
What is a carbonyl group?
A carbon that has a double covalent bond to an oxygen.
C=O
Why is a carbonyl group polar?
Oxygen is more electronegative than oxygen and so pulls electrons towards it.
Describe the smell of aldehydes with a short chain
Unpleasant
Why is the boiling temperatures of carbonyl compounds greater than alkanes?
Carbonyl compounds have permanent dipole - dipole attractions which require more energy to break than the London forces in alkanes.
Why is the boiling temperatures of carbonyl compounds lower than alcohols?
Alcohols have hydrogen bonding and carbonyl compounds don’t as all hydrogen atoms are joined to carbon atoms.
Why are small aldehydes soluble in water?
They can form hydrogen bonds with water.
Why does solubility decrease as chain length of carbonyl compounds increase?
The hydrocarbon part of the molecule becomes more significant.
