15.1.6 - Multidentate ligands Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Bidentate ligand?

A

A ligand that has 2 atoms that each use a lone pair to form a dative bond with the metal ion.

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2
Q

What is the name of the most common bidentate ligand?

A

1,2- diaminoethane
en

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3
Q

how does en act as a bidentate ligand?

A

The two lone pairs on the nitrogen atoms are used to form dative covalent bonds with the metal ion.

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4
Q

What is the name of the most common multi dentate ligand?

A

EDTA

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5
Q

How does EDTA acts as a multi dentate ligand?

A

The 4 ethanoic acid groups lose a hydrogen.
This gives COO- negative ions with lone pairs.
The nitrogen atoms also have lone pairs.
6 dative covalent bonds can be formed with metal ion.

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6
Q

How many dative covalent bonds can EDTA form with a metal ion and where do the lone pairs come from?

A

6
2 from lone pairs on nitrogen atoms
4 from the oxygen of a COO group after losing a hydrogen.

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7
Q

What type of ligand is water?

A

Monodentate

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8
Q

What happens to the stability when a mono dentate ligand is replaced by a bidentate ligand?

A

The stability increases.

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9
Q

Describe the structure inside harm groups in haemoglobin.

A

4 nitrogen atoms hold an Fe2+ ion by forming dative covalent bonds in a square planar structure.
Global forms a dative bond.
Oxygen uses on of its lone pairs to form a dative bond.
6 dative covalent bonds in haemoglobin.

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10
Q

What happens when carbon monoxide is inhaled, make reference to haemoglobin.

A

The dative covalent bond between carbon monoxide and haemoglobin is much stronger than the dative bond between oxygen and haemoglobin.
So carbon monoxide replaces the oxygen bound to haemoglobin in a ligand substitution reaction.

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