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Fpathogens > 17 - Poliovirus > Flashcards

17 - Poliovirus Flashcards

1
Q

In most of the world, poliovirus is mainly a _____________, however, some developing countries are still affected

A

historical issue

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2
Q

Poliovirus is associated with what type of food products?

A

milk and milk products

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3
Q

Can poliovirus spread via the fecal oral route from person to person?

A

YES

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4
Q

Pasteurization of milk at above ___C for ___sec deactivates poliovirus

A

70

30

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5
Q

What are the 2 vaccines effective at preventing the illness caused by poliovirus

A
  • the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)

- the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV)

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6
Q

Poliovirus mainly affects:

A

children under the age of 5 years old

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7
Q

1 in 200 poliovirus infections leads to _______________

A

irreversible paralysis

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8
Q

T or F: As long as a single child remains infected, children in all countries are at risk of contracting polio

A

T

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9
Q

Poliovirus is transmitted via the fecal oral route and multiplies in the __________

A

intestine

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10
Q

Poliovirus invades the ___________, and can cause total paralysis in a matter of ______.

A

nervous system

hours

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11
Q

Initial symptoms of poliovirus include:

A
  • fever
  • fatigue
  • headache
  • vomiting
  • stiffness of the neck
  • pain the limbs
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12
Q

Poliovirus has a:
__________ genome
__________ssRNA
____________ virus with a protein capsid

A

RNA
+
non-enveloped

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13
Q

What are the 3 serotypes of poliovirus and why are they different:

A

PV1
PV2
PV3
*they each have a slightly different capsid protein

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14
Q

Capsid proteins define cellular receptor __________ and virus ____________

A

specificity

antigenicity

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15
Q

T or F: All three serotypes PV1, PV2, PV3 are extremely infectious

A

T

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16
Q

T or F: PV1 is the most common in nature

A

T (localized in Pakistan and Afghanistan)

17
Q

PV2 is likely eradicated, it was last detected in _______

A

India

18
Q

T or F: PV3 has not been detected since 2012, so it is likely eradicated

A

T

19
Q

The poliovirus genome consists of a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA, which encodes a single ________

A

polyprotein

20
Q

The 5’ non-translated region (NTR) harbors two functional domains, the ____________ and the_______________, and is covalently linked to the viral protein ____

A

cloverleaf

internal ribosome entry site (IRES)

VPg

21
Q

The 5’ - terminal cloverleaf, helps to regulate viral _____________, as well as initiation of ______________

A

RNA replication

translation

22
Q

The IRES mediates translation of viral ______

A

mRNA

23
Q

The 3’ NTR is ________________

A

poly-adenylated

24
Q

The polyprotein contains N-terminus to ___________, structural ____ and non-structural _____ proteins that are released from the polypeptide chain by _____________ mediated by virally-encoded proteinases

A

C-terminus
P1
P2-P3
proteolytic processing

25
Q

The polyprotein ultimately encoded ___ mature viral proteins

A

11

26
Q

Poliovirus lifecycle:

A
  • poliovirion binds to the cell surface receptor
  • uncoating of the viral RNA
  • Cleavage of viral protein VPg is performed by cellular phosphodiesterase
  • translation of the viral RNA
  • poliovirus mRNA is translated as one long polypeptide
  • The positive-sense RNA serves as template for complementary negative-strand synthesis, thereby producing a double-stranded RNA
  • associate with capsid precursors to undergo encapsidation
  • lysis of the infected cell results in release of infectious progeny virions
27
Q

Poliovirus assembly:

A
  • P1 precursor is cleaved to yield VP1, VP3, and VP0
  • They are assembled into 5S monomers and then into 14S pentamers
  • 12 of these pentamers associate directly with genomic RNA being transcribed by membrane-bound complexes to assemble an immature 150S provirion
  • VP0 is further cleaved to yield VP2 and VP4 resulting in the mature virion

Fpathogens (23 decks)

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