10 - E.coli Flashcards
Is North America strongly affected by mortality from diarrhea in children under 5?
No
E.coli is a gram ______, motile, nonsporulating, rod-shaped, and a facultative anaerobe
negative
Does E.coli produce spores?
No
T OR F: E.coli is part of the normal microbial population of the intestinal track of humans, and other warm blooded animals?
T
T OR F: Most strains of E.coli are pathogenic
F
E. coli can be categorized into different _________ based on their ability to produce toxins, ability to adhere to epithelial cells, and ability to invade epithelial cells (the pathogenic traits have mostly been acquired through horizontal gene transfer)
pathotypes
AIEC =
Adherent invasive E.coli
ETEC =
Enterotoxigenic E.coli
EAEC =
Enteroaggregative E.coli
STEC =
Shiga toxin producing E.coli
EIEC/Shigella =
Enteroinvasive E.coli
DAEC =
Diffusely adherent E.coli
EPEC =
Enteropathogenic E.coli
UPEC =
Uropathogenic E.coli
E. coli can also be differentiated into serotypes based on three major surface antigens: _ (LPS), __ (flagella), and __(capsule)
O
H
K
The O antigen defines the ________ of a strain, and the H antigen identifies the _________
serogroup
serotype
Several serogroups fall into multiple __________
pathotypes
E. coli strains can be grouped into 5 main phylogenetic groups:
A B1 B2 D E
*EIEC/Shigella also forms additional phylogroups (black)
T OR F: Pathotypes do not always group together in the same phylogroup.
t
Name the main 4 parts of the small intestine:
- villi
- crypt
- enterocyte
- microvilli
The E.coli genome is very _____________
plastic
There are about _______ genes in the E.coli core genome, and ___________ genes in its pan-genome
1,700
16,400
Several _________, ____________, and ___________ regularly moving in and out of bacterial genomes
prophages
genomic islands
plasmids
Most virulence factors (toxins, and colonization factors) of E. coli are derived from _________________________
mobile genetic elements