17. INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH (PART 1)

Question 1

1. Do social divisions have an impact on our lives?

Answer 1

• yes

Question 2

2. Name 3 impacts on our lives that are a result of Social Divisions?

Answer 2

• our income
• the services we have access to
• the life chances we have

Question 3

3. What is an example of a Socio-Economic Inequality?

Answer 3

• wealth
• poverty

Question 4

4. Is wealth distributed equally in most Western countires?

Answer 4

• no

Question 5

5. What jobs are the poorest people in a country likely to have?

Answer 5

• they are likely to have routine manual jobs
• they will work longer hours
• they work under more dangerous conditions
• they earn less

Question 6

6. What is an unequal distribution of Health associated with?

Answer 6

• poverty

Question 7

7. What is Absolute Poverty?

Answer 7

• when someone is considered poor because they do not have the necessary resources to sustain life

Question 8

8. What is Relative Poverty?

Answer 8

• someone is considered poor in relation to other people
• they earn below 60% of the median income

Question 9

9. What Social Stratification?

Answer 9

• it is a structured system
• it refers to the way in which people are positioned in society
• it categorises entire groups of people
• it creates unequal life chances

Question 10

10. What is a form of Social Stratification?

Answer 10

• Socioeconomic classification

Question 11

11. What are two forms of Social Classes?

Answer 11

• Working Class
• Middle Class

Question 12

12. What are some characteristics of the Working Class?

Answer 12

• they earn weekly wages
• they work routine manual jobs
• they rent home
• they expect their children to get good jobs as soon as
  they leave school

Question 13

13. What are some characteristics of the Middle Class?

Answer 13

• they earn monthly salaries
• they work in professional, non-manual jobs
• they can borrow money to buy their own homes
• they encourage children to proceed to receive a higher
  education

Question 14

14. What are 6 classes that are formed based on specific Occupations?

Answer 14

1. Professional
   (doctors and lawyers)
2. Intermediate
   (managers and nurses)
3. Skilled non-manual
   (shop assistants and police officers)
4. Skilled manual
   (electricians and miners)
5. Semi-Skilled manual
   (postman and farm workers)
6. Non-skilled manual
   (cleaners)

Question 15

15. What can be said about the health of children coming from households of manual workers?

Answer 15

• they are likely to suffer from some type of chronic disease
• they are more likely to suffer from tooth decay than children coming from a household of non-manual workers

Question 16

16. What are inequalities in health associated with?

Answer 16

• inequalities in wealth

Question 17

17. What are three ways in which socio-economic position is linked to health?
    (according to Marmot)

Answer 17

• money
• status
• power

Question 18

18. What are the negative side effects of Social Inequality?

Answer 18

• it leads to a life time accumulation of disadvantages
• these contribute to poor health

Question 19

19. What can be blamed for variations in health and life expectancy?

Answer 19

• the differences in exposure to health damaging physical and social environments
• the differences in exposure to health promoting physical and social environments

Question 20

20. Read through this summary.
    Does everything make sense?

Answer 20

• yes