1.6 - Relations With Indigenous People Flashcards
When did the Indian Mutiny begin?
1857
Who were the sepoys primarily composed of?
Peasant soldiers from north India
What triggered the Indian Mutiny according to traditional explanations?
Cartridges in the new Enfield rifles greased with animal fat
Where did the trouble begin in the Indian Mutiny?
Meerut
Which cities did the sepoys seize control of?
Lucknow and Cawnpore
Who was attempted to be resurrected as the ruler of India during the mutiny?
The old Mughal emperor
What was the fate of the emperor’s sons during the mutiny?
Executed
How long did it take to restore the Raj after the mutiny?
18 months
What significant change occurred in India in 1858?
India passed into direct rule of the British Crown
What did the British public demand in response to the mutiny?
Indian blood
What did Queen Victoria promise regarding her government in India?
To treat all subjects equally and respect religious beliefs
What was the effect of British rule on educational opportunities?
Provided more opportunities for wealthier Indians but little for peasants
Which educational establishments were established in India in 1857?
Universities in Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta
What was Mary Carpenter primarily concerned with during her visits to India?
Girls’ education and women’s prisons
What economic development occurred in India after the mutiny?
Growth in investment, particularly in railways
What was the ratio of British to native troops maintained by the British?
1:2
What was the impact of British agricultural policies on food dependence?
India became dependent on food imports
Fill in the blank: The British provided Indians with cheap _______ manufactured goods.
British
True or False: The British developed irrigation schemes that benefited the majority of Indian land.
False
What event triggered a ‘diamond rush’ in Southern Africa in 1867?
The discovery of diamonds in West Griqualand
This attracted both white settlers and native Bantu-speaking people.
What territory did the British annex in 1868?
Basutoland
What was the outcome of the British annexation of West Griqualand in 1871?
It caused 2000 Griquas to move east and establish Griqualand East in 1878, which was also annexed by the British in 1874.
In what year did the British propose a federation of British and Boer territories?
1875
This proposal was firmly rejected by the Boers.
What was the outcome of the British invasion of Zululand in January 1879?
The British decisively defeated the Zulus at Ulundi.
Which British officials were influential in starting the Zulu war?
Sir Bartle Frere and Sir Theophilus Shepstone
What battle resulted in a significant loss for the British on 22 January 1879?
The battle of Isandlwana
The British lost about 1500 men
What significant event happened in 1880 regarding the Boers and the British?
The Boers turned against the British seeking independence.
What strategic territory did the British annex in 1885?
Bechuanaland
This was to prevent a potential alliance between the Germans and the Boers.
What discovery in 1886 caused further instability in the Transvaal?
Gold discoveries at Witwatersrand
What was Cecil Rhodes’ ultimate aim regarding British territory?
To create a British land route from Cape Town to Egypt.
What was the impact of the discovery of diamonds and gold on local Bantu tribes?
Their land was increasingly eroded by white settlers.
Where were black workers forced to live when working in mines?
On mining compounds in separated neighbourhoods.
