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2: GI2 Exam 1 > 16: Diarrhea, Constipation, Stool Incontinence > Flashcards

16: Diarrhea, Constipation, Stool Incontinence Flashcards

1
Q

IBS-D criteria = diarrhea + 1 or more of which three things?

A
  1. Frequent severe abdominal pain
  2. Frequent bowel urgency or fecal incontinence
  3. Restriction of daily activities due to IBS
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2
Q

Definition of diarrhea can be ___ OR ___

A
  1. 3+ loose/watery stools a day OR

2. Decrease in consistency and increase in frequency of BM

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3
Q

What electrolyte imbalance can occur due to diarrhea?

A

Hypokalemia

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4
Q

Three most common causes of chronic diarrhea

A
  1. Meds
  2. IBS
  3. Lactose intolerance
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5
Q

Stain to look for fat in stools

A

Sudan stain

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6
Q

Three things found in a stool sample that might suggest IBD

A
  1. Leukocytes
  2. Calprotectin
  3. Lactoferrin (inflammatory marker)
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7
Q

Four major pathogens associated with chronic diarrhea

A
  1. Giardia
  2. E. Histolytica
  3. Strongyloides stercoralis
  4. C Diff
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8
Q

Five causes of chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised pts

A
  1. CMV
  2. HIV
  3. C diff
  4. Mycobacterium avium complex
  5. Cryptosporidium
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9
Q

Six causes of chronic osmotic diarrhea

A
  1. Meds
  2. IBS
  3. Lactose intolerance
  4. Chronic infection
  5. Malabsorption
  6. Pseudodiarrhea/overflow incontinence
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10
Q

Five common drugs that can cause chronic diarrhea

A
  1. Metformin
  2. Cholinesterase inhibitors
  3. SSRIs
  4. NSAIDs
  5. Allopurinol
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11
Q

Alarm symptoms with diarrhea

A
  1. Acute onset -> CA?
  2. Nocturnal diarrhea
  3. Hematochezia
  4. WL
  5. Fever
  6. FHx CA, IBD, or Celiac
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12
Q

Microbiology of clostridioides difficult

A

Anaerobic, gram (+), spore-forming bacillus that produces cytotoxins A and B

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13
Q

Best way to not get C Diff

A

Washing hands with soap and water

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14
Q

Three major characteristics of malabsorption syndromes

A
  1. WL
  2. Osmotic diarrhea
  3. Steatorrhea
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15
Q

Whipple disease treatment

A

Abx that cross the BBB

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16
Q

Three things that look like diarrhea but are not + explain

A
  1. Overflow diarrhea: severe constipation and liquid gets past
  2. Pseudo-diarrhea: frequent passage of small volumes of stool
  3. Fecal incontinence: involuntary fecal discharge

2: GI2 Exam 1 (24 decks)

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