15D - Manage Project Quality

Question 1

Measurements used to assess a product’s adherence to the specified standards.

Answer 1

quality control measurements

Question 2

The sources or reasons for deviations from the expected standard in a process or item.

Answer 2

causes of variance

Question 3

Those everyday occurrences that are always present in project work; as such, they may be unavoidable. They may be either insignificant and have little impact on the overall quality performance, or they may have a dramatic effect on quality.

Answer 3

random causes of variance

Question 4

Unusual, sporadic occurrences; they are the result of some unexpected circumstance and are typically not caused by a flaw in the overall production process.

Answer 4

special causes of variance

Question 5

It is the weight or importance given to variances to determine what type of corrective action needs to be taken by the project manager.

Answer 5

significance

Question 6

A technique used to determine the true cause of the problem that, when removed, prevents the problem from occurring again.

Answer 6

root cause analysis

Question 7

The measurement values that determine if a product or service is acceptable or unacceptable.

Answer 7

tolerances

Question 8

In terms of controlling process, the ___ is significant because it provides a generally accepted guideline for monitoring quality and adjusting it as necessary.

Answer 8

Six Sigma limit

Question 9

They are quality control tools that organize individual measured values in a data set according to the frequency (number or percentage) of occurrence.

Answer 9

histograms

Question 10

A bar chart or histogram that illustrates the causes of problems and their relative severity. Used for prioritizing efforts to solve problems.

Answer 10

Pareto chart

Question 11

A general guideline with many applications; in terms of controlling processes, it contends that a relatively large number of problems or defects, typically __ percent, are commonly due to a relatively small number of the causes, typically __ percent.

Answer 11

80 / 20 rule

Question 12

A line graph showing plotted data points in chronological order. It could show trends in a process over time or improvements over time.

Answer 12

run chart

Question 13

Diagram that displays the relationship between two variables.

Answer 13

scatter chart

Question 14

A technique that is used to determine characteristics of an entire population based on actual measurement of a representative sample of that population.

Answer 14

statistical sampling

Question 15

Dividing sampling data into two categories (attribute and variable) each of which is gathered according to sampling plans.

Answer 15

statistical sampling process

Question 16

Data that is counted, such as the number of product defects or customer complaints.

Answer 16

attribute sampling data

Question 17

Data that is measured on a continuous scale, such as time, temperature, or weight.

Answer 17

variable sampling data