14_Work Design and Work Schedules Flashcards
The Primary Goals of Human Psychology:
Person-Machine Fit
Workers fit the job, through effective selection training
Job fits the abilities and limitations of the workers
Americans with Disabilities Act (1991):
Overview
Disability defined as “Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities”
ADA applies to workplaces with 15+ employees
Conditions that are NOT covered by the ADA
Transvestism
Transsexualism
Pedophilia
Voyeurism
Gender identity disorders not resulting from physical impairments
Other sexual behavior disorders
Compulsive gambling
Kleptomania
Pyromania
Psychoactive substance use disorders
ADA requirements
Reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities
As long as it does not result in “undue hardship” for employer
ADA:
Requirements of Employee Selection Procedures
Selection procedures must be directly related to job requirements
Reasonable accommodations are made for workers who can perform the essential functions of the job
Prohibits requiring medical exam Prior to making employment offer
ADA:
Medical Exams
Can be requested Only after employment offer
Must be job-related
Must be required of all employees find for the same job
Compressed Work Week:
Positive Effects
Supervisor ratings of employee performance
Overall job satisfaction
Satisfaction with work schedule
Improved employee attitudes
Compressed Work Week:
Two factors Not impacted
Job performance
Absenteeism
True or False?
A compressed work week is shown to improve job performance.
False.
Flextime:
Overview
Employees have choice when to begin and end work
* provided they are present during a core work period
e. g. 10am to 2pm
Flextime:
Positive Effects
Productivity
Absenteeism
Overall job satisfaction
Satisfaction with work schedule
Decreased work-family conflict
Which factor is associated with improved productivity and decreased absenteeism:
Compressed work week or Flextime?
Flextime
Shiftwork:
24 hour companies divide work schedule into 3 shifts:
Regular: 7 AM to 3 PM
Swing shift: 3 PM - 11 PM
Graveyard/overnight: 11 PM to 7 AM
Fixed vs. Rotating work shifts
Rotating shifts disrupt circadian rhythms
Increased fatigue impacts concentration = more errors
*Permanent (fixed) night shift workers report fewer health problems than rotating shift
Which type of work shift rotation is associated with better circadian rhythm synchronization and productivity?
Forward rotation (days–> evenings–> nights)
