13_Human Factors Psychology Flashcards
Yerkes-Dodson Law:
Overview
U-shaped curve
Moderate levels of arousal are associated with best performance
Yerkes-Dodson Law:
Optimal level of arousal based on task difficulty
Easy tasks = higher arousal
Difficult tasks = lower arousal
Fatigue is the main cause of reduced arousal.
What are the most effective times for employee breaks?
During the fourth and eight hours of work
True or False?
Longer, less frequent breaks are more effective than frequent short breaks
False.
Short breaks are better
Demand-Control (Job Strain) Model (Karasek):
Two Primary Contributors to Job Stress
Job demands
Job control
Job Demand/ Job Control combination that leads to the most stress
High job demands
Low job control
E.g. assembly line, service jobs
True or False?
Some research has shown that stress induced by daily hassles has a stronger negative impact on health then stress due to traumatic events.
True.
Job burnout:
Primary symptoms
Feeling of low personal accomplishment
Depersonalization (of others)
Emotional Exhaustion
Characteristic Early Sign of Burnout
Increased work effort and work hours
+
Lack of corresponding increase in productivity
Employee Characteristics that increase risk for Burnout
Inflexible about work rules and procedures
(unable to identify alternative solutions)
Feel that efforts are useless, ineffective, or unappreciated
Feel their opportunities for advancement are limited
Job Characteristics that increase risk for Burnout
Frequent contact with people in need of help
Supervisor who is low in consideration
Overwhelming demands & time pressures
Predominant Source of Work-Family Conflicts:
Gender differences
Men = work expectations
Women = family expectations
Positive Effects of Multiple Roles
Work-family enrichment
Work-family enhancement
Positive spillover
Research identifies these 3 benefits for women who work outside the home
Increased access to social support
Work serves as buffer against stress and conflict at home
Enhanced self-esteem
