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heme/lymph > 14 signs > Flashcards

14 signs Flashcards

1
Q

cachexia

A

B-thalassemia

-bc nutrients is stolen from tissues that are O2 starved for erythroid progenitors.

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2
Q

hemosiderosis

A 
hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)
=accumulation of hemosiderin (iron containing pigment) from RBC phagocytosis
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3
Q

Intestinalization as parietal cells are replaced with mucus secreting goblet cells.

A

pernicious anemia

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4
Q

Extremity vascular beds < 30°C can lead to obstruction → pallor, cyanosis and Raynaud’s.

A

Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

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5
Q
  • Easy bleeding and bruising.
  • Hematomas.
  • Bleeding into soft tissue and muscles.
  • Increased risk of bleeding during and after surgery.
  • Spontaneous hemorrhage in regions of the body normally subject to trauma (hemarthroses) that can lead to progressive, crippling deformities. Pts may have 1-2 target joints.
  • No petechiae.
A

hemophilia A or B

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6
Q

IgG against RBCs previously sensatized to in blood transfused product

A

chronic hemolytic reaction from transfusion

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7
Q

Increased HbA2

Nml HbF

A

Bthalassemia minor

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8
Q

demyelination of dorsal and lateral spinal cord tracts

A

pernicious anemia

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9
Q

pigment gall stones

A 
hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)
-from eleveted bilirubin in the bile
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10
Q

Anemia, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, hemosiderinuria, jaundice.

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

-so G6PD, PNH

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11
Q

convulsions, coma

A

DIC

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12
Q

stroke, retinal prbs, growth retardation

A

Sickle cell anemia

-from Microvascular occlusions of tissue

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13
Q

fundic gland atrophy

A

pernicious anemia

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14
Q

dilated, tortuous, thin-walled vessels.

A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities from Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (weber-osler-rendu Syndrome)

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15
Q

pulmonary infiltrates

A

Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)

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16
Q

rapid splenic enlargement, hypovolemia and possible shock

A

sickle cell anemia: sequestration crisis

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17
Q

Microcytosis with minimal anemia and no abnormal physical s/s

A

a thalassemia trait: Trans deletion

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18
Q

PTT prolonged

A
  • Type 1 Von Willebrand Disease

- hemophilia A or B

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19
Q

priapism

A

sickle cell anemia: pain crisis (vasculoocclusive dis)

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20
Q

Massive erythroid hyperplasia and extramedullary erythropoiesis.

A
  • Sickle cell anemia

- B thalassemia major

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21
Q

atrophic glossitis

A

pernicious anemia

=beefy red tongue

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22
Q

HTN, obese, anxious pts

A

Gaisbock syndrome (stress polycythemia): a relative polycythemia

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23
Q

rapid thrombocytopenia after starting heparin

A

Type 1 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

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24
Q

mild erythroid hyperlasia

A

Bthalassemia minor

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25
Q

platelet count nml

A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities

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26
Q

HSM

A

B thalassemia major

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27
Q

dyspnea, cyanosis, resp failure

A

DIC

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28
Q

normoblasts in bm (erythroid precursors)

A

hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)

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29
Q

IgM against RBCs blood transfused product

A

acute hemolytic reaction from transfusion

30
Q

Severe pallor, generalized edema and massive HSM in utero

A

a thalassemia: hydrops fetalis= 4 deletions

31
Q

fever, HoTN, hypoxia

A

Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)

32
Q

Pancytopenia

A
  • megaloblastic anemia

- aplastic anemia

33
Q

hyposthenuria

A

sickle cell anemia

=hypertonicity renal medulla –> not conc urine

34
Q

elevated EPO

A

hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)

35
Q

Infections of encapsulated bugs.

–S. Typhi osteomyelitis, S. Pneumoniae and H. Influenzae.

A

sickle cell anemia

36
Q

Retinopathy: loss of visual acuity –> blindness

A

sickle cell anemia: pain crisis (vasculoocclusive dis)

37
Q

increased RDW and MCHC

A

hereditary spherocytosis (HS)

38
Q

dehydration, acidemia, deoxygenation

A

sickle cell anemia: acute chest synd of pain crisis (vasculoocclusive dis)

39
Q

reticulocytes in PB

A

hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)

40
Q

IgG recognize IgA in blood transfused product

A

=> allergic rxn

41
Q

tissue hypoxia disproportionate to the level of Hb.

A

a thalassemia: Hemoglobin H disease (HBH)= 3 deletions

42
Q

hemosiderinuria

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)

→ iron deficiency that can exacerbate the anemia

43
Q

Increased HbF

A

B thalassemia major

44
Q

PT, PTT nml

A
  • Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities

- bleeding from thrombocytopenia

45
Q

IgE recognize IgA in blood transfused product

A

=> allergic rxn –> urticarial reaction

46
Q

secondary hemochromatosis

A

B-thalassemia

  • bc Excessive absorption of dietary iron d/t suppressed hepcidin and in combination with repeat transfusions
  • -> affect <3, liver, panc
47
Q

have other AI disorders: thyroiditis, adrenalitis

A

pernicious anemia

48
Q

crewcut skull and chipmonk facies

A
  • Sickle cell anemia from new bone deposition d/t BM expansion
  • B-thatlssemia
49
Q

incrased homocystiene

A

pernicious anemia

folate deficiency

50
Q

abn bleeding/petechiae/echmosis

A

aplastic anemia from thrombocytopenia

51
Q

Oliguria and acute renal failure

A

DIC

52
Q

Purpuric rash, abdominal pain, polyarthralgia and acute glomerulonephritis

A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities from

Henoch-schonlein Purpura

53
Q

Atrophic changes in the tongue and gastric mucosa

A

Iron deficiency anemia

54
Q
  • Microcytic, hypochromic anemia.
  • Atrophic glossitis.
  • Esophageal webs.
A

Plummer-vinson Syndrome

55
Q
  • ischemia
  • Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  • hem diasthesis
A

DIC

56
Q

leg ulcers

A

Sickle cell anemia

-from Vascular stagnation of subq tissue

57
Q

impaired bone grth and skeletal abns

A

B-thalassemia

58
Q

renal hemosiderosis

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia
= Fe accumulation in tubular cells
-so G6PD, PNH

59
Q

mucocutaneous bac infection

A

aplastic anemia from granulocytopenia

60
Q

thrombosis and thrombocytopenia 5-14d after starting heparin

A

Type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

61
Q

o Hypoplasia of the kidney or spleen.

o Bone anomalies of the thumbs or radii

A

fanconi anemia

62
Q

Hb degradation products

A

hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD, sicle cell, thalassemia, PNH, immunohemolytic anemias, d/t trauma)

63
Q

stroke

A

sickle cell anemia: pain crisis (vasculoocclusive dis)

64
Q

low EPO, TIBC, Iron

A

anemia of chronic dis

65
Q

NO splenomegaly

A

aplastic anemia

66
Q

Intestinal malabsorption

A

Iron deficiency anemia

67
Q

markedly reduced haptoglobin

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

-so G6PD, PNH

68
Q

anemia, splenomegaly, jaundice

A

extravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

-so hereditary spherocytosis (HS), SCA, B-thalassemai, AI HA

69
Q

Circulatory failure and shock.

A

DIC

70
Q
  • Fever
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  • Transient neuro deficits
  • Renal failure
A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP),

if these EXCEPT neuro defect = Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

heme/lymph (18 decks)

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