14 morph Flashcards
normocytic normochromic
anemia of acute blood loss
RBCs small, hyperchromic, lacking central pallor
hereditary spherocytosis (HS)
Howell-jolly bodies
in asplenia?
Heinz bodies
G6PD
=dark inclusions visible with crystal violet
bite cells
G6PD
=as Mfs remove heinz bodies
Peripheral blood: irreversibly sickled cells, reticulocytosis and target cells d/t RBC dehydration
Sicklce cell anemia
chronically dehydrated, dense, rigid RBCs
SCA end stage
microcytic, hypochromic RBCs
B-thalassemia
RBCs relesed from BM have inclusions –> extravasc hemolysis
B-thalassemia
massive erythroid hyperplasia
B-thalassemia
- Anisocytosis (variable RBC size).
- Poikilocytosis (variable shape).
- microcytosis
- Hypochromia.
- Target cells.
- Basophilic stippling.
- Fragmented RBCs
B-thalassemia
-(all except snisocytosis and pokilocytosis = minor)
Hb Barts
Infants w a-thalassemia: unpaired γ-globin chains form tetramers: 4 deletions
HbH
Adults w a-thalassemia: unpaired β-globin chains form tetramers : 3 deletions
IgG (sometimes IgA) Abs to RBCs
Warm Ab Type of immunohemolytic anemia
RBCs = spherocytes
- hereditary spherocytosis (HS)
- Warm Ab Type of immunohemolytic anemia
IgM to RBC at low temps
Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia
IgG autoAbs bind to the P group Ag on the RBC surface in cool, peripheral regions of the body.
Cold Hemolysin type of Immunohemolytic Anemias
Schistocytes
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma
burr cells
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma
helmet cells
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma
triangle cells
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma
abn lg erythroid precursors
megaloblastic anemia
=megaloblasts
PB: Macro-ovalocytes: large, oval RBCs*
megaloblastic anemia
PB: Hyperchromic d/t ample Hb (lack fentral pallor)
megaloblastic anemia
PB: MCHC is not elevated
Decreased reticulocyte count
megaloblastic anemia
PB: Aniscocytsosis and poikilocytosis (variable size and shape) of the RBCs.
megaloblastic anemia
PB: Hypersegmented neutrophils ( > 5 lobes)
megaloblastic anemia
- Hypercellular marrow
- Promegaloblasts (most primitive cells) large with very basophilic cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and fine nuclear chromatin pattern.
- nuclear to cytoplasmic asynchrony.
- Giant metamyelocytes and band forms.
BM in megaloblastic anemia
giant myelocytes and metamyelocytes
pernicious anemia
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia in blood smears, but is normocytic, normochromic in the beginning.
iron deficient anemia
Central pallor is enlarged in RBCs and Hb may only be seen in a narrow peripheral rim
iron deficient anemia
Poikilocytosis (pencil cells)
iron deficient anemia
- Hypocellular bone marrow
- -‘Dry tap’ on marrow aspiration, bone marrow bx necessary for dx
- Granulocytopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Systemic hemosiderosis
aplastic anemia
nml sized spleen
increased # megakaryocytes
megathrombocytes
Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
B/l renal cortical necrosis
DIC
ARDS if pulmonary vasculature is involved.
DIC
CNS: microinfacrst, which can be complicated by hem
DIC
Adrenals: waterhouse-friderichsen synd causes fibrin thrombi in meningococcemia
DIC
Giant hemangiomas: kasabach-merritt syndrome (thrombi form in neoplasms).
DIC
