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heme/lymph > 14 causes > Flashcards

14 causes Flashcards

1
Q

mechanical injury (mechanial cardiac valves)

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

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2
Q

intracellular parasites (malaria)

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

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3
Q

extracellular toxins (clostridial enzymes

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

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4
Q

complement fixation (mismatched blood transfusion)

A

intravasc hemolysis –> hemolytic anemia

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5
Q

parvovirus 19

A

causes aplastic crisis if already:

  • hereditary spherocytosis (HS)
  • sickle cell anemia
  • B thalassemia major
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6
Q

EBV

A
  • causes hemolytic crisis if already hereditary spherocytosis (HS)
  • Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia
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7
Q

Fava beans

A

oxidative stress –>G6PD deficiency

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8
Q

drugs (Quinidine)

A

oxidative stress –>G6PD deficiency

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9
Q

infection

A

oxidative stress –>G6PD deficiency

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10
Q

inflamm

A

oxidative stress –>G6PD deficiency

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11
Q

Mediterranean, Africa, SE asia

A

Bthalassemia

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12
Q

drugs (penicillins, cephalosporins, a-methyldopa)

A

Warm Ab Type of immunohemolytic anemia

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13
Q

autoimmune disorders (esp SLE)

A

Warm Ab Type of immunohemolytic anemia

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14
Q

lymphoid neoplasms

A

Warm Ab Type of immunohemolytic anemia

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15
Q

mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

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16
Q

CMV

A

Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

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17
Q

influenza virus

A

Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

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18
Q

HIV

A
  • Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

- Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

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19
Q

B cell neoplasms

A

Cold Agglutinin type of immunohemolytic anemia

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20
Q

children post-viral infection

A

Cold Hemolysin type of Immunohemolytic Anemias

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21
Q

prosthetic cardiac valves

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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22
Q

DIC –>microangiopathic Ds.

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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23
Q

TTP/HUS–> microangiopathic Ds.

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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24
Q

malig HTN –> microangiopathic Ds.

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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25
Q

SLE –> microangiopathic Ds.

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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26
Q

disseminated CA–> microangiopathic Ds.

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia d/t trauma

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27
Q

AI gastritis

A

pernicious anemia

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28
Q

folic acid deficiency

A

pernicious anemia

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29
Q

scandanavian

A

pernicious anemia

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30
Q

Achlorhydria

A

vitB12 deficiency

= (impairs B12 release from food).

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31
Q

Gastrectomy

A
  • vitB12 deficiency: bc causes loss of IF

- -iron deficient anemia

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32
Q

Loss of exocrine pancreas function

A 
vitB12 deficiency
 (impairs B12 release from haptocorrin).
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33
Q

Loss of pepsin secretion

A

vitB12 deficiency

34
Q

Resection of the terminal ileum

A

vitB12 deficiency

35
Q

Malabsorption syndromes (including fish tapeworms Diphyllobothrium latum)

A

vitB12 deficiency

36
Q

Increased requirements (pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, disseminated cancer, chronic infection).

A
  • vitB12 deficiency
  • folate deficiency
  • -iron deficient anemia
37
Q

overcooking green veggies

A

folate deficiency

38
Q

alocholism

A

folate deficiency

-Alcoholism may lead to trapping folate in the liver, urinary loss and altered metabolism.

39
Q

old, poor, teens, infants

A
  • folate deficiency

- iron deficient anemia

40
Q

celiac dis

A
  • folate deficiency

- iron deficient anemia

41
Q

phenytoin

A

folate deficiency

42
Q

OCT

A

folate deficiency

43
Q

methotrexate

A

folate deficiency

44
Q

steatorrhea, chronic drh

A

-iron deficient anemia

45
Q

external hemorrhage or bleeding into the GI or GU tracts

A

-iron deficient anemia

46
Q

hospitalized pts

A

anemia of chronic dis

47
Q

Chronic microbial infections (osteomyelitis, bacterial endocarditis, lung abscesses)

A

anemia of chronic dis

48
Q

Chronic immune disorders (RA, regional arteritis).

A

anemia of chronic dis

49
Q

Neoplasms (lung, breast, Hodgkin’s lymphoma).

A

anemia of chronic dis

50
Q

radiatino

A

aplastic anemia

51
Q

drugs: chemo, benzene

A

aplastic anemia

52
Q

hepatitis D, E

A

aplastic anemia

53
Q

thymoma

A

pure red cell aplasia

54
Q

large granular lymphocytic leukemia

A

pure red cell aplasia

55
Q

parvovirus B19

A

pure red cell aplasia

56
Q

metastatic carcinoma

A
  • pure red cell aplasia

- myelophthisic anemia

57
Q

spent phase MPS

A

pure red cell aplasia

58
Q

Water deprivation

A

relative polycythemia

59
Q

Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea

A

relative polycythemia

60
Q

Excessive diuretic use

A

relative polycythemia

61
Q

high altitudes/hypoxia

A
  • absolute polycythemia: secoandary

- DIC from causing endothelial injury

62
Q

HIF1α stabilization

A

absolute polycythemia: secoandary

63
Q

Inection:

  • meningococcemia
  • septicemia
  • infective endocarditis
  • rickettsiose
  • Neisseria
A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities

64
Q

Scurvy, ehlers-danos Syndrome, Cushings Synd

A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities

=d/t collagen loss

65
Q

Henoch-schonlein Purpura

A

Bleeding Disorder: Vessel Wall Abnormalities

66
Q

SLE

A
  • Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

- DIC from causing endothelial injury

67
Q

CLL

A

Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

68
Q

quinidine (malaria drugs)

A

Drug Induced Thrombocytopenia

69
Q

vancomycin

A

Drug Induced Thrombocytopenia

70
Q

Children or elderly with E. Coli O157:H7 dysentery (beef).

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

71
Q

obstetric complications

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

72
Q

damaged tissue following trauma

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

73
Q

leukemic cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

74
Q

burns or surgery

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

75
Q

granules of , mucus from adenocarcinomas.

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

76
Q

Endotoxins

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

77
Q

Ag-Ab complexes, in response to infxn

A

DIC (bc trigger TF into circ)

78
Q

acidosis

A

-DIC from causing endothelial injury

79
Q

infectionsL meningococci , ridkettsiae

A

-DIC from causing endothelial injury

80
Q

IgA deficiency

A

allergic reaction to transfusion

heme/lymph (18 decks)

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