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CAP Self-generated MC Questions > 13. Personality disorders > Flashcards

13. Personality disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a personality disorder according to the DSM-5? A) An individual’s habitual way of behaving. B) Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself. C) Temporary changes in behavior. D) Only related to mood swings.

A

B) Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself.

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Cluster A personality disorders? A) Odd or eccentric traits. B) Dramatic, emotional, or erratic traits. C) Paranoid personality disorder. D) Schizoid personality disorder.

A

B) Dramatic, emotional, or erratic traits.

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3
Q

What percentage of the general population is estimated to have a personality disorder? A) 1-2%. B) 5-10%. C) 13%. D) 25-40%.

A

C) 13%.

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4
Q

Which personality disorder is most associated with a high level of disability and poor psychosocial functioning? A) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Paranoid personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

B) Borderline personality disorder.

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5
Q

Which of the following treatments is often used for borderline personality disorder? A) Electroconvulsive therapy. B) Mentalisation-based treatment. C) Insulin shock therapy. D) Hypnosis.

A

B) Mentalisation-based treatment.

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6
Q

What is a major environmental factor implicated in the development of personality disorders? A) High socioeconomic status. B) Stable family environment. C) Disrupted attachment experiences in childhood. D) Frequent travel.

A

C) Disrupted attachment experiences in childhood.

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7
Q

Which therapy focuses on improving the patient’s capacity to think about their own mental state and that of others? A) Cognitive behavioral therapy. B) Dialectical behavior therapy. C) Mentalisation-based therapy. D) Psychoanalysis.

A

C) Mentalisation-based therapy.

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8
Q

According to the text, what is the most common personality disorder found among the biological relatives of individuals with schizophrenia? A) Borderline personality disorder. B) Antisocial personality disorder. C) Schizotypal personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

C) Schizotypal personality disorder.

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9
Q

What is the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in outpatient services? A) About 2%. B) About 5%. C) About 10%. D) About 20%.

A

C) About 10%.

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10
Q

Which personality disorder is described by having an inflated sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Narcissistic personality disorder. D) Avoidant personality disorder.

A

C) Narcissistic personality disorder.

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11
Q

What percentage of people with borderline personality disorder engage in self-harm or suicidal behavior? A) 20-30%. B) 30-50%. C) 50-70%. D) 70-80%.

A

D) 70-80%.

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12
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by an intense need for attention and approval, often achieved through dramatic or seductive behavior? A) Borderline personality disorder. B) Narcissistic personality disorder. C) Histrionic personality disorder. D) Antisocial personality disorder.

A

C) Histrionic personality disorder.

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13
Q

What is the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder in certain cultures, such as Japan and Taiwan? A) High due to social cohesion. B) Low due to social cohesion. C) High due to individualism. D) Low due to individualism.

A

B) Low due to social cohesion.

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14
Q

Which of the following personality disorders has the highest prevalence in community samples in Australia? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizoid personality disorder. C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. D) Dependent personality disorder.

A

C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

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15
Q

What type of therapy is Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)? A) Cognitive-behavioral. B) Psychoanalytic. C) Humanistic. D) Biological.

A

A) Cognitive-behavioral.

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16
Q

According to the text, which neurotransmitter system is associated with impulse control issues in borderline personality disorder? A) Dopamine. B) Serotonin. C) GABA. D) Glutamate.

A

B) Serotonin.

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17
Q

What is the term used to describe the probability that both members of a twin pair will develop the same disorder? A) Incidence rate. B) Prevalence rate. C) Concordance rate. D) Heritability rate.

A

C) Concordance rate.

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18
Q

Which personality disorder is described as having a pervasive pattern of inhibited or inappropriate emotion and social behavior, as well as aberrant cognitions and disorganized speech? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizotypal personality disorder. C) Schizoid personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

B) Schizotypal personality disorder.

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19
Q

What is the most effective line of treatment for borderline personality disorder according to the Australian Clinical Practice Guideline? A) Pharmacotherapy. B) Psychological interventions. C) Electroconvulsive therapy. D) Surgical interventions.

A

B) Psychological interventions.

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20
Q

Which Cluster B personality disorder is associated with unstable mood, impulsivity, and a tendency to engage in risk-taking behaviors? A) Histrionic personality disorder. B) Narcissistic personality disorder. C) Antisocial personality disorder. D) Borderline personality disorder.

A

D) Borderline personality disorder.

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21
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of antisocial personality disorder? A) Disregard for the rights of others. B) Frequent law-breaking. C) Persistent lying or deceit. D) Social withdrawal and isolation.

A

D) Social withdrawal and isolation.

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22
Q

What is the main focus of treatment for individuals with antisocial personality disorder? A) Medication management. B) Social skills training. C) Hypnosis. D) Electroconvulsive therapy.

A

B) Social skills training.

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23
Q

What is the significance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the context of personality disorders? A) It regulates social interactions. B) It is associated with stress responses. C) It influences cognitive abilities. D) It controls motor functions.

A

B) It is associated with stress responses.

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24
Q

Which personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation? A) Dependent personality disorder. B) Avoidant personality disorder. C) Borderline personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

B) Avoidant personality disorder.

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25
Q

What is the estimated concordance rate for borderline personality disorder among monozygotic twins? A) 10%. B) 25%. C) 35%. D) 50%.

A

C) 35%.

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26
Q

Which therapy for borderline personality disorder includes components of both individual and group therapy? A) Dialectical behavior therapy. B) Cognitive-behavioral therapy. C) Schema therapy. D) Psychoanalysis.

A

A) Dialectical behavior therapy.

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27
Q

What is a common issue in diagnosing personality disorders in individuals younger than 18? A) Lack of symptoms. B) Inconsistent behavior. C) Reluctance to make these diagnoses. D) Rapid improvement without treatment.

A

C) Reluctance to make these diagnoses.

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28
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizoid personality disorder. C) Schizotypal personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

A) Paranoid personality disorder.

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29
Q

What percentage of individuals with borderline personality disorder are estimated to have a suicide rate? A) 2-4%. B) 4-6%. C) 6-8%. D) 8-10%.

A

D) 8-10%.

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30
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking? A) Histrionic personality disorder. B) Narcissistic personality disorder. C) Borderline personality disorder. D) Antisocial personality disorder.

A

A) Histrionic personality disorder.

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31
Q

What is the role of culture in the development of personality disorders according to the text? A) It has no impact. B) It supports the expression or suppression of temperamental factors. C) It only affects genetic predispositions. D) It prevents the development of personality disorders.

A

B) It supports the expression or suppression of temperamental factors.

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32
Q

Which personality disorder is most prevalent during adolescence and early adulthood? A) Narcissistic personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Schizoid personality disorder. D) Avoidant personality disorder.

A

B) Borderline personality disorder.

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33
Q

What is the focus of early intervention programs for borderline personality disorder? A) Reducing borderline symptoms. B) Promoting more adaptive developmental pathways. C) Increasing medication adherence. D) Providing long-term hospitalization.

A

B) Promoting more adaptive developmental pathways.

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34
Q

What does the ‘ecological niche’ model suggest about personality disorders? A) They are equally prevalent across all cultures. B) Certain personality styles fit certain cultures or occupations. C) Personality disorders do not change over time. D) They are primarily caused by genetics.

A

B) Certain personality styles fit certain cultures or occupations.

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35
Q

What is the main goal of mentalisation-based treatment for borderline personality disorder? A) To cure the disorder completely. B) To stabilise the person’s sense of self and enhance mentalising capacity. C) To reduce medication dependence. D) To increase social isolation.

A

B) To stabilise the person’s sense of self and enhance mentalising capacity.

36
Q

Which of the following is a component of the five factor model of personality? A) Conscientiousness. B) Neuroticism. C) Extroversion. D) All of the above.

A

D) All of the above.

37
Q

What is the primary characteristic of schizoid personality disorder? A) Excessive emotionality. B) Lack of interest in social relationships. C) Suspiciousness of others. D) Manipulativeness.

A

B) Lack of interest in social relationships.

38
Q

According to the text, what is the prevalence rate of personality disorders in clinical settings? A) 5-10%. B) 15-20%. C) 25-40%. D) 50-60%.

A

C) 25-40%.

39
Q

What is the impact of personality disorders on social and vocational functioning? A) Generally positive. B) No impact. C) Often negative and disabling. D) Enhances performance.

A

C) Often negative and disabling.

40
Q

Which personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy? A) Histrionic personality disorder. B) Antisocial personality disorder. C) Narcissistic personality disorder. D) Borderline personality disorder.

A

C) Narcissistic personality disorder.

41
Q

What is the focus of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder? A) Medication management. B) Cognitive and behavioral techniques. C) Psychoanalytic interpretations. D) Hypnosis.

A

B) Cognitive and behavioral techniques.

42
Q

According to the text, what is the most common comorbidity with borderline personality disorder? A) Schizophrenia. B) Depressive disorders. C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder. D) Autism spectrum disorder.

A

B) Depressive disorders.

43
Q

What is the primary focus of schema therapy? A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas. B) Medication management. C) Reducing substance use. D) Hypnosis.

A

A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas.

44
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation? A) Avoidant personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Narcissistic personality disorder. D) Schizotypal personality disorder.

A

A) Avoidant personality disorder.

45
Q

What is the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in inpatient services? A) About 5%. B) About 10%. C) About 15%. D) Up to 24%.

A

D) Up to 24%.

46
Q

Which therapy focuses on the present moment and the relationship between therapist and client to help patients understand their own and others’ mental states? A) Psychoanalysis. B) Mentalisation-based therapy. C) Cognitive-behavioral therapy. D) Hypnosis.

A

B) Mentalisation-based therapy.

47
Q

What is the definition of neuroticism in the five factor model? A) Tendency to experience negative emotions. B) Tendency to be sociable and outgoing. C) Tendency to be organized and disciplined. D) Tendency to be open to new experiences.

A

A) Tendency to experience negative emotions.

48
Q

Which personality disorder is characterised by excessive emotionality and attention seeking? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizoid personality disorder. C) Histrionic personality disorder. D) Avoidant personality disorder.

A

C) Histrionic personality disorder.

49
Q

What is a common trait of individuals with antisocial personality disorder? A) High level of empathy. B) Frequent law-breaking. C) Avoidance of social interactions. D) Consistent adherence to social norms.

A

B) Frequent law-breaking.

50
Q

According to the text, what is the estimated prevalence rate of personality disorders in the community? A) 2-4%. B) 6-8%. C) 10-12%. D) 13-15%.

A

D) 13-15%.

51
Q

What is the main therapeutic approach for treating personality disorders mentioned in the text? A) Hypnosis. B) Medication. C) Psychological interventions. D) Surgical procedures.

A

C) Psychological interventions.

52
Q

Which personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizotypal personality disorder. C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

53
Q

What is the primary focus of treatment for narcissistic personality disorder? A) Building empathy and reducing grandiosity. B) Medication management. C) Hypnosis. D) Surgical interventions.

A

A) Building empathy and reducing grandiosity.

54
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with frequent feelings of emptiness and fear of abandonment? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Schizoid personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

B) Borderline personality disorder.

55
Q

What is a common challenge in treating individuals with borderline personality disorder? A) High treatment costs. B) Lack of available treatments. C) Interpersonal difficulties and unstable mood. D) High levels of cognitive functioning.

A

C) Interpersonal difficulties and unstable mood.

56
Q

What is the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder in community samples according to the text? A) Less than 1%. B) 1-2%. C) 2-3%. D) 3-4%.

A

B) 1-2%.

57
Q

Which therapy is considered effective for reducing self-harm and suicidal behaviors in borderline personality disorder? A) Psychoanalysis. B) Electroconvulsive therapy. C) Dialectical behavior therapy. D) Cognitive-behavioral therapy.

A

C) Dialectical behavior therapy.

58
Q

Which factor is NOT part of the five factor model of personality? A) Neuroticism. B) Extroversion. C) Openness. D) Empathy.

A

D) Empathy.

59
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with a lack of interest in social relationships and a preference for solitary activities? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Antisocial personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

A) Schizoid personality disorder.

60
Q

What is the main focus of schema therapy for personality disorders? A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas. B) Increasing medication adherence. C) Reducing physical symptoms. D) Hypnosis.

A

A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas.

61
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by excessive need for attention and approval? A) Borderline personality disorder. B) Narcissistic personality disorder. C) Histrionic personality disorder. D) Schizoid personality disorder.

A

C) Histrionic personality disorder.

62
Q

What is the role of the HPA axis in the context of personality disorders? A) It regulates mood swings. B) It influences the stress response. C) It controls social interactions. D) It affects cognitive abilities.

A

B) It influences the stress response.

63
Q

Which personality disorder is described as having a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Avoidant personality disorder. C) Borderline personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

B) Avoidant personality disorder.

64
Q

What is the focus of early-intervention programs for borderline personality disorder? A) Reducing borderline symptoms. B) Promoting adaptive developmental pathways. C) Increasing medication adherence. D) Long-term hospitalization.

A

B) Promoting adaptive developmental pathways.

65
Q

What is a common comorbidity with borderline personality disorder? A) Anxiety disorders. B) Schizophrenia. C) Autism spectrum disorder. D) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A

A) Anxiety disorders.

66
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Paranoid personality disorder. C) Schizotypal personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

B) Paranoid personality disorder.

67
Q

What is the prevalence rate of personality disorders in clinical settings? A) 10-20%. B) 25-40%. C) 50-60%. D) 60-75%.

A

B) 25-40%.

68
Q

What is the primary focus of mentalisation-based treatment for borderline personality disorder? A) Medication management. B) Enhancing mentalising capacity. C) Hypnosis. D) Long-term hospitalization.

A

B) Enhancing mentalising capacity.

69
Q

What is the definition of conscientiousness in the five factor model? A) Tendency to be sociable and outgoing. B) Tendency to be organized and disciplined. C) Tendency to experience negative emotions. D) Tendency to be open to new experiences.

A

B) Tendency to be organized and disciplined.

70
Q

Which personality disorder is described as having a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Histrionic personality disorder. C) Borderline personality disorder. D) Antisocial personality disorder.

A

B) Histrionic personality disorder.

71
Q

What is a common trait of individuals with antisocial personality disorder? A) High level of empathy. B) Frequent law-breaking. C) Avoidance of social interactions. D) Consistent adherence to social norms.

A

B) Frequent law-breaking.

72
Q

According to the text, what is the estimated prevalence rate of personality disorders in the community? A) 2-4%. B) 6-8%. C) 10-12%. D) 13-15%.

A

D) 13-15%.

73
Q

What is the main therapeutic approach for treating personality disorders mentioned in the text? A) Hypnosis. B) Medication. C) Psychological interventions. D) Surgical procedures.

A

C) Psychological interventions.

74
Q

Which personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Schizotypal personality disorder. C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

C) Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

75
Q

What is the primary focus of treatment for narcissistic personality disorder? A) Building empathy and reducing grandiosity. B) Medication management. C) Hypnosis. D) Surgical interventions.

A

A) Building empathy and reducing grandiosity.

76
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with frequent feelings of emptiness and fear of abandonment? A) Paranoid personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Schizoid personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

B) Borderline personality disorder.

77
Q

What is a common challenge in treating individuals with borderline personality disorder? A) High treatment costs. B) Lack of available treatments. C) Interpersonal difficulties and unstable mood. D) High levels of cognitive functioning.

A

C) Interpersonal difficulties and unstable mood.

78
Q

What is the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder in community samples according to the text? A) Less than 1%. B) 1-2%. C) 2-3%. D) 3-4%.

A

B) 1-2%.

79
Q

Which therapy is considered effective for reducing self-harm and suicidal behaviors in borderline personality disorder? A) Psychoanalysis. B) Electroconvulsive therapy. C) Dialectical behavior therapy. D) Cognitive-behavioral therapy.

A

C) Dialectical behavior therapy.

80
Q

Which factor is NOT part of the five factor model of personality? A) Neuroticism. B) Extroversion. C) Openness. D) Empathy.

A

D) Empathy.

81
Q

Which personality disorder is associated with a lack of interest in social relationships and a preference for solitary activities? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Borderline personality disorder. C) Antisocial personality disorder. D) Narcissistic personality disorder.

A

A) Schizoid personality disorder.

82
Q

What is the main focus of schema therapy for personality disorders? A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas. B) Increasing medication adherence. C) Reducing physical symptoms. D) Hypnosis.

A

A) Identifying and changing maladaptive schemas.

83
Q

Which personality disorder is characterized by excessive need for attention and approval? A) Borderline personality disorder. B) Narcissistic personality disorder. C) Histrionic personality disorder. D) Schizoid personality disorder.

A

C) Histrionic personality disorder.

84
Q

What is the role of the HPA axis in the context of personality disorders? A) It regulates mood swings. B) It influences the stress response. C) It controls social interactions. D) It affects cognitive abilities.

A

B) It influences the stress response.

85
Q

Which personality disorder is described as having a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation? A) Schizoid personality disorder. B) Avoidant personality disorder. C) Borderline personality disorder. D) Histrionic personality disorder.

A

B) Avoidant personality disorder.

86
Q

What is the focus of early-intervention programs for borderline personality disorder? A) Reducing borderline symptoms. B) Promoting adaptive developmental pathways. C) Increasing medication adherence. D) Long-term hospitalization.

A

B) Promoting adaptive developmental pathways.

CAP Self-generated MC Questions (12 decks)

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