13. excretion and homeostasis

Question 1

excretion

Answer 1

the removal of the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements

Question 2

urea

Answer 2

a waste product produced in the liver from the breakdown of excess amino acids

Question 3

urine

Answer 3

a solution of urea and other waste materials in water produced by the kidneys

Question 4

ureter

Answer 4

one of a pair of tubes that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 5

urethra

Answer 5

the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside

Question 6

deamination

Answer 6

the removal of the nitrogen - containing part of amino acids to form urea

Question 7

cortex

Answer 7

tissue making up the outer layer in a kidney

Question 8

medulla

Answer 8

tissue making up the inner layers in a kidney

Question 9

nephron

Answer 9

one of the thousands of microscopic tubes inside a kidney

Question 10

glomeruli (singular : glomerulus)

Answer 10

a little network of blood capillaries where blood is filtered in a kidney

Question 11

reabsorption

Answer 11

in a kidney nephron taking back required substances into the blood

Question 12

homeostasis

Answer 12

the maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 13

insulin

Answer 13

hormone secreted by the pancreas which decreases blood glucose concentration

Question 14

glucagon

Answer 14

hormone secreted y the pancreas which increases blood glucose concentration

Question 15

set point

Answer 15

the normal value or range of values for a particular parameter

Question 16

negative feedback

Answer 16

a mechanism that detects a move away from the set point and brings about actions that take the value back towards the set point

Question 17

type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

a condition in which insufficient insulin is secreted by the pancreas sp that blood glucose concentration is not controlled

Question 18

sweat gland

Answer 18

a structure found in the skin of mammals which secretes a watery fluid onto the skin surface to reduce body temperature

Question 19

hypothalamus

Answer 19

part of the brain that is involved in the control of body temperature

Question 20

vasoconstriction

Answer 20

narrowing of arteries caused by the contraction of the muscle in their walls

Question 21

vasodilation

Answer 21

widening the arterioles cause by the relaxation of the muscle in their walls