12.3 The transmission of communicable diseases Flashcards
what are the types of transmission of pathogens between animals?
direct transmission
indirect transmission
types of direct transmission in animals
direct contact
inoculation
ingestion
direct contact
sexual intercourse
direct skin-to-skin contact
kissing
exchange of fluids
inoculation
through a break in the skin
from an animal bite
through a wound
ingestion
eating contaminated food or drink
types of indirect transmission in animals
fomites
droplet infection
vectors
fomites
transmission through objects like bedding and socks
droplet infection
when you talk, sneeze or cough droplets are released
droplets may contain pathogens
vectors
transfers communicable disease from one organism to another
what factors increase the chance of the transmission of a pathogen?
overcrowded living
poor nutrition
weakened immune system
poor disposal of waste
climate change
culture
lack of trained healthcare workers
direct transmission in plants
direct contact between a healthy and diseased part
types of indirect transmission in plants
soil contamination
vectors
soil contamination
diseased plants often leave pathogens in the soil
the next crop to be placed in the same soil will be affected
types of vectors in plants
wind
water
animals
humans
how is wind a vector in plants?
spores can be carried in the wind
how is water a vector in plants?
spores can swim in water on leaves and rain can cause spores to spread
how are animals a vector in plants?
animals can carry pathogens and spores from one plant to another when feeding
how are humans a vector in plants?
pathogens transferred by hands or clothing
also humans transport plants around the world
what factors affect the transmission of diseases in plants?
using crops which are more vulnerable
over-crowding plants
poor nutrition of minerals
damp and warm conditions
climate chabge
