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Biology Module 4 > 12.1 Animal and plant pathogens > Flashcards

12.1 Animal and plant pathogens Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a communicable disease?

A

a disease which can be passed on from one organism to another

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2
Q

what is a vector?

A

something which carries pathogens from one organism to another

i.e water and insects

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3
Q

what are the types of pathogen?

A

bacteria
virus
protoctist
fungal

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4
Q

what type of organism is bacteria?

A

prokaryote

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5
Q

what are the two ways bacteria can be differentiated?

A

their shape
their cell wall

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6
Q

shape

A

bacteria can be:
rod
spherical
comma
spiralled
corkscrew

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7
Q

cell wall

A

two different types of cell wall which react differently with staining

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8
Q

colour of gram positive

A

purple-blue

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9
Q

colour of gram negative

A

red

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10
Q

what is larger virus or bacteria?

A

bacteria

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11
Q

outline virus action

A

invades living cells and takes over the genetic material and biochemistry of the host cell to reproduce and release more viruses

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12
Q

what is a bacteriophage?

A

a virus which attacks a bacteria

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13
Q

what is a parasite?

A

an organism which takes over another organism and lives off the host at the host’s expense

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14
Q

what are the two modes of pathogen action?

A

damaging the host tissue directly

producing toxins which damage host tissue

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15
Q

damaging the host tissue directly
VIRUS

A

virus inserts its own genetic material into the host and then uses the host to replicate the virus rapidly

the new viruses the burst the cell and then infect other viruses

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16
Q

damaging the host tissue directly
PROTOCTIST

A

they digest and use cell contents of a host cell

not same as virus as they don’t take over genetic material

17
Q

damaging the host tissue directly
FUNGI

A

they digest living cells and destroy them

18
Q

producing toxins which damage host tissues
BACTERIA

A

bacteria release toxins which damage the cell membrane, damage enzymes or interfere with the genetic material of the host

Biology Module 4 (34 decks)

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