11.3 Sampling techniques Flashcards
what are ways that animals are sampled?
pooter
sweep nets
kickback sampling
tree beating
pitfall traps
pooter
used to catch small insects
sweep nets
used to catch insects in tall grass
kickback sampling
used to catch organisms living in a river
tree beating
used to catch invertebrates living in trees
pitfall traps
used to trap small crawling insects
what is the main method of plant sampling?
using a quadrat
what are the two types of quadrat?
point
frame
point quadrat
frame which has a bar which holds a long pins
long pins are placed across the bar
anything which touches a pin is sampled
frame quadrat
frame which has grids
each grid is sampled independently
what is a belt transect?
two parallel lines marked
sampling takes place between these lines
uses quadrats
what is a line transect?
one line marked
sampling takes place along the line
uses quadrats
what are belt and line transects an example of?
systematic sampling
how is species richness calculated?
count the number of different species in the sampled area
what is used to make it easier to determine the species of a sampled organism?
using a key to correctly identify
what are the ways a frame quadrat is used?
finding density
finding abundance
finding percentage cover
density
count number of species in a square metre
gives the density per square metre
abundance
count the number of squares in which the species is present
percentage the value to find the percentage of sample where species is present
what is the main method for sampling animals?
mark-recapture
what are the main abiotic factors?
wind speed
light intensity
humidity
pH
temperature
oxygen concentration
what is used to detect wind speed?
anemometer
what is used to detect light intensity?
light meter
what is used to detect humidity?
humidity sensor
what is used to detect pH?
pH probe
advantages of using a sensor for abiotic factors
less chance of human error
can detect rapid change
high precision
data can be stored
