12.3 ADHD

Question 1

ADHD

Answer 1

• Characterized by inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity

Hyperactivity
- Aimless physical movements and verbal utterances

Impulsiveness
- Acting without thought to consequences of behavior.

Risks
- Smoking during pregnancy or other toxic substances (alcohol)
- Maternal infection

Question 2

ADHD Issue

Answer 2

• Hyperactivity relate to difficulty in preforming age-appropriate tasks
• Highly distractable and extremely limited attention spans.
• Often shift from one uncompleted activity to another
• Hyperactivity inhibits acceptable social interaction which leads to difficulty forming relationships.
• They are disruptive in group endeavors
• Some can be aggressive with low frustration tolerance.
• Boundless energy

Question 3

Comorbidities

Answer 3

• Commonly seen with bipolar disorder and substance abuse
• Bipolar disorder must first be stabilized before treating ADHD

Question 4

Intervention Goals

Answer 4

• Focus on risk for injury, impaired social interaction, low self-esteem, and noncompliance with commands.
• Prevent injuries, increase feelings of self-worth, complete assigned tasks independently.

Question 5

Medications

Answer 5

CNS Stimulants
- Dextroamphetamine
- Methamphetamine
- Methylphenidate

• These drugs elevate dopamine and norepinephrine levels.
• Contraindicated in patients with cardiac issues.