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Paramedic > 119 Mod 6: Ob/Abnormal Delivery > Flashcards

119 Mod 6: Ob/Abnormal Delivery Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Endometriosis?

A

the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows OUTSIDE the uterus.

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2
Q

Define Menarche
and Tanner Stages

A

Menarche - the FIRST menstrual period

Tanner Stages - physical changes that occur during PUBERTY (both boys and girls)

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3
Q

Define Premenstrual Syndrome

what are the signs?

A

is a group of symptoms that occur in women BEFORE their menstrual periods, such as mood swings, bloating, and breast tenderness. (PMS)

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4
Q

Define Mittelschmerz?

A

is a PAIN that some women experience during ovulation when the EGG IS RELEASED from the OVARY.

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5
Q

Whats the difference between:
Dysmenorrhea
Menorrhagia
Amenorrhea
Mittelschmerz

A

Dysmenorrhea is painful menstrual cramps

Menorrhagia is heavy menstrual bleeding,

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual periods

Mittelschmerz is pain during ovulation.

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6
Q

Define

Bartholin Abscess
Vaginitis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Cystitis
STDs
Dyspareunia

A

Bartholin Abscess is an infection of the Bartholin gland

Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina

PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs

Cystitis is a bladder infection

STDs are sexually transmitted diseases.

Dyspareunia is PAIN during SEX in women.

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7
Q

Define
Syphilis
HSV
Trichomoniasis
Gonorrhea
HPV
Cervictitis

A

Syphilis is a bacterial infection,

HSV is the herpes simplex virus,

Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection,

Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection,

HPV is the human papillomavirus, and

Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix.

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8
Q

Define these Ovarian Disorders

Ovarian Cyst
Ovarian Torsion
Tubo-Ovarian Abscess

A

Ovarian Cyst is a fluid-filled SAC that develops on the ovary,

Ovarian Torsion is when the ovary TWIST on its blood supply

Tubo-Ovarian Abscess is an INFECTION that affects the ovary and fallopian tube.

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9
Q

Define these Uterine Disorders
Endometritis
Endometriosis
Uterine Prolapse

A

Endometritis is an inflammation of the endometrium,

Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus,

Uterine Prolapse is when the uterus descends into the vaginal canal.

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10
Q

Define GTD, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

A

GTD is a rare condition in which tumors develop inside the uterus from tissue that normally forms during pregnancy.

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11
Q

Define DUB, Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

A

DUB: Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding is abnormal vaginal bleeding that occurs BETWEEN menstrual periods or during menopause.

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12
Q

What are some signs and causes of Ectopic Pregnancy

A

a fertilized egg implants OUTSIDE of the uterus, causing abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding.

Causes include scarring from previous surgeries, infections, and certain medical conditions.

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13
Q

Define Menopause

A

when woman’s menstrual periods stop, occurring ages 45-55

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14
Q

Explain the menstrual cycle

A

A monthly hormonal cycle in women that prepares the uterus for pregnancy.

It includes several phases, including the: follicular phase,
ovulation,
and the luteal phase.

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15
Q

Identify female reproductive anatomy (5)

A

the ovaries,
fallopian tubes,
uterus,
cervix,
and vagina.

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16
Q

Define Gravita and Preventa

A

Gravita refers to the NUMBER of pregnancies a woman has had.

Preventa refers to the number of LIVE births a woman has had.

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17
Q

Define Amenorrhea

A

Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation.

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18
Q

Ture or False: Arteries carry to mom from baby

A

True
The uterine arteries carry oxygenated blood to the uterus and placenta to nourish the developing fetus.

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19
Q

What is Naegele’s Rule

A

formula used to estimate the due date of a pregnant woman

adding 7 days to the first day of her last menstrual period,
subtracting 3 months,
and adding 1 year.

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20
Q

Define Round ligament pain

A

Caused by stretching and pulling of the round ligaments that support the uterus.

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21
Q

What is the pregnancy time line

A

Three trimesters, each lasting approximately 12-13 weeks.

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22
Q

Define Supine Hypotensive syndrome

A

pregnant woman lying flat on her back can compress the INFERIOR vena cava,

causing a drop in blood pressure.

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23
Q

What is Effacement and Dialating?

A

Effacement refers to the thinning and shortening of the cervix during labor.

Dilating refers to the opening of the cervix during labor.

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24
Q

Define
Placenta Implantation
Accreta
Increta
Percreta

A

Placenta implantation - the placenta attaches ABNORMALLY to the uterine wall.

Accreta - placenta ATTACHING too deeply into the uterine wall,

Increta - placenta growing INTO the uterine wall

Percreta - placenta growing THROUGH the uterine wall and potentially invading nearby organs.

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25
Q

What is HELLP Syndrome?

A
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26
Q

Define Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia

A

Pre-eclampsia - pregnancy with high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, often the kidneys.

Eclampsia is a severe form of pre-eclampsia with seizures.

27
Q

Define Antepartum, Intrapartum, and Postpartum

A

Antepartum refers to the period of time BEFORE labor and delivery.

Intrapartum refers to the period of time DURING labor and delivery.

Postpartum refers to the period of time AFTER delivery.

28
Q

When do you (and dont) give Oxytocin and how much?

A

Oxytocin is used to induce labor in the hospital only.
Used by paramedics post delivery as a last resort to stop hemorrhaging.

10 units

29
Q

How many trimesters are there?

A

There are 3 trimesters in a pregnancy,

each lasting approximately 12-13 weeks.

36-39 weeks total

30
Q

Define RH factor and when Rogam Shots are needed?

A

RH factor is an antigen on red blood cells.

Rogam shots are needed if the mother is RH-negative and the baby is RH-positive.

31
Q

What are the 3 stages of childbirth?

A

First stage: onset of labor to complete cervical dilation

Second stage: delivery of the BABY

Third stage: delivery of the placenta.

32
Q

Define Prolapsed cord and treatment?

A

When the umbilical cord precedes the baby through the birth canal.

2 fingers positioned to relieve pressure on the cord.

33
Q

Define Ruptured uterus

A

A tear in the uterine wall.

34
Q

Define Placenta Previa and Abruption

A

Previa is when the placenta COVERS the cervix.

Abruption is when the placenta SEPARATES prematurely.

35
Q

Define Breech Delivery

A

Baby presents feet or buttocks first.

36
Q

Define Shoulder Dystocia and treatment

A

Baby’s shoulder is stuck behind mother’s pubic bone.

Treatment includes repositioning mother (mcroberts), suprapubic pressure

37
Q

Define McRoberts

A

A maneuver to relieve shoulder dystocia. Flexing the mother’s legs to the chest.

38
Q

Define Precipitous

A

Labor that lasts less than 3 hours from onset to delivery.

39
Q

Define Apgar Score

A

A measure of the newborn’s physical condition assessed at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.

Newborns typically don’t have a perfect APGAR at 1 min due to cynosis in arms.

40
Q

What is the targeted SPO after birth? 1min and 5mins

A

1 min: >60%,

5 min: >95%

41
Q

Define MRSOPA and what is it used for?

A

A scoring system used to assess the newborn’s physical condition and determine the need for resuscitation.

42
Q

What is the hr to start CPR for neonate?

A

If heart rate is <60 bpm, start CPR.

43
Q

What is the dose of EPI for a 3kg neonate?

A
44
Q

What is the dose of Magnesium Sulfate when is it used?

A

mothers with pre-eclampsia (seizures)

45
Q

What is the dose of Calcium Gluconate, when do you give?

A

hyperkalemia or calcium channel blocker overdose.

46
Q

What is the dose of Terbutaline, and when do you give

A
47
Q

What is the dose of Vallium, when do you give?

A
48
Q

If the mother is a drug user do you give the baby narcan?

A

No

49
Q

What is considered a premie?

A

A baby born before 37 weeks of gestation.

50
Q

What is low BGL for a neonate?

A

under 40-45 BGL

51
Q

Define Pitocin titration

A

adjusting the dose of Pitocin (synthetic oxytocin) to induce labor.

52
Q

Define Braxton Hicks

A

mild uterine contractions that occur intermittently during pregnancy, often described as “practice contractions.”

may stop with position change

53
Q

What is the #1 cause of Amenorrhea?

A

Pregnancy

absence of period

54
Q

Define Cephalic Delivery

A

Cephalic delivery refers to the delivery of a baby in a HEAD DOWN position, which is the

most common and PREFERED position for a vaginal delivery.

55
Q

What are the 4 phases of a womans monthly cycle?

A

Day 1-5: Menstrual - discharge

Day 6-13: Preovulatory

Day 14: Ovulation

Day 15-28: Postovulatory

56
Q

What is the correct rate to Bag a Neonate?

A

40-60 breaths/min

57
Q

What is the dose of fluids for a neonate?

A

10mL/kg

58
Q

For Pre Eclampsia (which causes protein in urine and HTN)

when do you give Mag Sulfate?

A

When the bp is 160/110 it is severe watch patient carefully for seizures (have IV, give fluids, lay on left side)

Give mag (4mg over 10mins) when patient has Seizures (AFTER Versed 5mg IM)

Note: Eclampsia (seizure) can happen postpartum

59
Q

Define HELLP Syndrome

A

H-emolysis - anemic
E-levated
L-iver
L-ow
P-latelets

worse then pre-eclampsia, blood values are off.

60
Q

What do you do before you give Versed? and

What is the IM dose of Versed?

A

Check BGL

Versed 5mg IM or
0.1mg/kg in 2mg inc SLOW IV

reduce dose to 50% if patient is 69 or older

61
Q

What is the BVM rate for:

Neonate

Ped

Adult

A

Neonate 30-40 (every 2 secs)

Ped 12-20 (every 3 secs)

Adult 10-12 (every 6 secs)

62
Q

If you were to give a pregnant patient the following:

Fluids, TXA, Epi Drip

What is the dose for each?

A

FLUIDS - 20mL/kg of LR IV max of 2,000mL

TXA - 1g in 100mL in Lac Ringers over 10mins

EPI Drip - 1mg in 100mL (60gtts/mL) use 20g IV (give fluids first)

63
Q

What are the contra-indications for TXA

A

Patient less than 15 y/o
Allergy
PE or DVT
More that 1 hour from injury

Paramedic (24 decks)

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