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M11 > 11.9 > Flashcards

11.9 Flashcards

1
Q

What does manoeuvre load control reduce ?

A

Aeroelasticity
( minimises excessive tip bending by using the Ailerons and spoilers )
( moves centre of lift inboard )
( happens at high speed )

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2
Q

What does a gust load alleviation ( GLA ) reduce ?

A

Reduces effect of gust loads on aircraft by deflecting control surfaces.

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3
Q

Which flight controls surface is used during GLA ?

A

Ailerons

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4
Q

Which flight controls are used for MLC ?

A

Ailerons

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5
Q

What is placed on a control cable to prevent contact with the aircraft’s structure ?

A

Fair leads.
( also reduce vibration )

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6
Q

Why Is a guard placed on pulleys ?

A

To ensure control cable doesn’t jump off pulley if slackened

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7
Q

What can improper tension cause ?

A

OSS of control travel or damage to components

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8
Q

Whats the use for a tension regulator ?

A

Maintains cable tension when it’s subjected to expansion and contraction of the aircraft’s structure.

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9
Q

Whats the use of a bell crank ?

A

Change direction of force transmission.

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10
Q

When’s a torque tube used ?

A

When you want to covert a linear motion to rotational.

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11
Q

What do screw jacks convert ?

A

Rotary motion into linear.
( used for moving surfaces which experience extreme aerodynamic loads )

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12
Q

What does a hydraulic power control unit combine ?

A

Individual hydraulic components into an assembly

( position flight control surface in response to a command )
( protection against flutter )

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13
Q

How does hydraulic systems used for the flight controls help the pilots manoeuvre the plane ?

A

Assists flight crew to over come the aerodynamic forces encountered by the control surfaces to control the aircraft.
( allows aerodynamic load provide feedback feel to crew )

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14
Q

What are hydraulic power control units ( PCUs ) used for ?

A

To position primary or secondary flight control surfaces.
( single assembly that combines individual hydraulic components Into a assembly )

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15
Q

What is found in the heart of a PCU ?

A

Servo valve and actuator

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16
Q

Whats a servo control units 2 main operating modes ?

A
  • control mode
  • damping mode
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17
Q

When does a servo control unit enter the control/active mode ?

A

When hydraulic pressure supply is witched on.
( control valve moves in opposite direction to the mechanical input )
( hydraulic system is pressurised )

18
Q

When is the servo control unit in damping mode ?

A

When the servo control unit is depressurised
( when on ground )
( PCU in damping mode to avoid flight control surfaces moving the control stick or yoke in gusts of wind )
( bypass valve is closed )
( actuators chambers are interconnected )

19
Q

E.G - PRACTICE QUESTION —— In electrically controlled hydraulically operated flight control system (FBW) , after total electrical failure can we move the control surface ?

A

No

20
Q

E.G. PRACTICE QUESTION —— in a FBW system, after total hydraulic failure, what are the control surfaces still available to be used ?

A

None !!!!!!!

21
Q

What emergency systems are powered by pneumatic as a backup ?

A

Emergency lowering of landing gear, brakes, nose wheel steering.
( pneumatic not used in flight for normal controls as air is compressible )

22
Q

Why would you use an artificial feel unit ?

A

As in hydraulic transmission , the crew cannot feel the effect of the air-load and because of this a feel unit. Is installed providing an artificial feel of the air-load.
( artificial air-load provided is smaller than actual air-load making it easier for crew to. Control )

23
Q

How is the artificial air-load placed on control surface ?

A

Using a spring

24
Q

Whats an advantage of FBW ?

A

Weight saving

25
Q

What does the 3 gyroscopes fitted in aircraft sense ?

A

Movement changes in 3 main control surfaces.

26
Q

Whats pre flight FBW tester is used ?

A

Built in test equipment ( BITE )

27
Q

Whats a fly-by-wire control modes purpose ?

A

Transforms movement from joystick made by crew into movements of aircraft control surfaces.

28
Q

Whats the two laws a primary flight computer can perform under ?

A

— Normal law - differs depending on stage of flight.

— Alternate law.

29
Q

Explain the term fly-by-wireless network ?

A

Reduction in the weight of aircraft by removing extensive bundle of wires used in fly-by-wire aircraft.

30
Q

Whats an advantage of the fly-by-wireless network ?

A

Reduced maintenance
Weight saving

31
Q

In flight, what the purpose of a yaw damper ?

A

Counters the rolling tendency of aircraft during flight ( Dutch roll )

( engaged by switch on the flight control module )

32
Q

Where does the aerodynamic centre on the wing move ?

A

Aft ( trailing edge )

33
Q

Whats Mach trim used for ?

A

As aerodynamic centre moves towards rear of wing as the aircraft transitions through the transonic region, it forces a nose down attitude ( Mach tuck ) which Mach trim is used to counteract.

34
Q

What is rudder limiter ?

A

Rudders movement is limited to aircraft’s speed due to the high loads absorbed by the large control surface
( adds extra weight )

35
Q

Whats static balancing ?

A

An object remaining stationary when supported by its centre of gravity.

2 ways it can be out of static balance :
Under balance +
Over balance -

36
Q

What is dynamic balancing ?

A

Balanced rotating forces so that no vibration is produced while the body is in motion.

37
Q

Where about does the weight of a control surface increase after repairs ?

A

Aft of hinge line.

38
Q

Whats the three methods to rebalancing control surfaces ?

A
  • Balance beam - removed and placed on trestle
  • Scale -surface removed and placed on trestle
  • Calculation - surface till attached to aircraft
39
Q

Whats aircraft rigging ?

A

Adjustment and travel of the moveable flight control surfaces that are attached to major structures.
( aligning the neutral position of the control surface to the control column. )

40
Q

Why are rigging pins used ?

A

To set control system into neutral position.

41
Q

What two angles determine the pitch attitude protection ?

A

Angle between longitudinal axis to horizon

42
Q

What is staling ?

A

Flow separation over the wings.

M11 (22 decks)

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