11.4 Notes Flashcards
Igneous rocks are formed from
hot molten rock
ignis in latin means
fire
rocks that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface
intrusive igneous rock
the slower the magma cools the
larger the crystals
when lava hardens on the Earth’s surface
extrusive igneous rocks
common extrusive rock properties
smaller crystals, vesicular texture (air holes), no crystals at all (glassy)
slow cooling results in the formation of ____ crystals
large
coarse grained rocks
intrusive rocks
rapid cooling of magma or lava results in rocks with what type of crystals
small, mineral crystals
fine grained rocks
extrusive rocks
results from cooling that is so fast that minerals do not have a chance to crystallize
glassy texture
is glassy texture intrusive or extrusive
extrusive
rock example with glassy texture
obsidian
result of gas bubbles, which often occurs during volcanic eruptions
vesicular texture
is vesicular texture on intrusive or extrusive rock
extrusive rocks
what are vesicles
holes, pores, or cavities
example of a rock with vesicular texture
pumice
felsic has darker or lighter color
lighter color
felsic has a higher or lower density
lower density
what is felsic rock rich in
Silicon and Aluminum
mafic rocks has a lighter or darker color
darker color
mafic rocks have a higher or lower density
higher density
mafic rocks are rich in
iron and magnesium
how is basalt formed
extrusion (volcanic)
what is the texture of basalt
fine
what is the color of basalt
darker
composition of basalt
iron and magnesium
how is granite formed
intrusion (plutonic)
texture of granite
coarse
color of granite
lighter color
composition of granite
silicon and aluminum
You know it is an igneous rock if it has
gas pockets, if it’s glassy, or has large coarse crystals
how do igneous rocks form
from the solidification of molten material (lava or magma)
igneous rocks exhibit
intergrown or interlocking mineral crystals
if an igneous rock cools fast what forms
small crystals
if an igneous rock cools slowly
large crystals form
mafic rocks are what color and what density
dark colored and high density
felsic rocks are what color and what density
light colored and low density
if an igneous rock cools extremely fast,
the rock will have a glassy texture like obsidian
vesicular texture
gas pockets like pumice or scoria
intrusive
formed below ground
extrusive
formed above ground
If I see what then it’s an igneous rock
crystals, if it’s glassy, or has air pockets
