113 UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS DRILL AND CEREMONIES FUNDAMENTALS

Question 1

Explain the five purposes of close order drill and how they enable a commander.

Answer 1

Move his unit from one place to another in a standard, orderly manner, while
maintaining the best appearance possible.
Provide simple formations from which combat formations may be readily
assumed.
Teach discipline by instilling habits of precision and automatic response to
orders.
Increase the confidence of his junior officers and of his noncommissioned
officers through the exercise of command, by giving the proper commands
and the control of drilling troops.
Give Marines an opportunity to handle individual weapons.

Question 2

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Element

Answer 2

An individual, squad, section, platoon, company, or other unit which is part of
a larger unit.

Question 3

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: formation

Answer 3

Formation
An arrangement of elements on line, in column, or in any other prescribed
manner.

Question 4

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: LINE

Answer 4

Line
A formation in which the elements are abreast, except that a section or
platoon is in line when its squads are in line and one behind the other.

Question 5

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: RANK

Answer 5

Rank
A line of Marines or vehicles placed side by side.

Question 6

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: Column

Answer 6

Column
A formation in which elements are placed one behind the other, except that a
section or platoon is in column when its squads are in column and abreast of
each other.

Question 7

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: File

Answer 7

File
A single column of Marines or vehicles one behind the other.

Question 8

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: FLANK

Answer 8

Flank
The right or left extremity of a unit either on line or in column. The element
on the extreme right or left of the line. A direction at a right angle to the
direction an element of a formation is facing.

Question 9

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:INTERVAL

Answer 9

interval
The lateral space between elements on the same line. Interval is measured
between individuals from shoulder to shoulder. It is measured between
elements rather than individuals and between formations from flank to flank.
Unit commanders and those with them are not considered in measuring
interval between elements of the unit with which it is posted.

Question 10

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Normal Interval

Answer 10

Normal Interval
Normal interval between individuals is one arm’s length.

Question 11

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Close interval

Answer 11

Close Interval
Close interval is the horizontal distance between shoulder and elbow when
the left hand is placed on the left hip.

Question 12

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: Alignment

Answer 12

Alignment
The dressing of several elements on a straight line.

Question 13

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: GUIDE

Answer 13

Guide
The individual (base) upon whom a formation, or other elements, thereof,
regulates its march. “To guide” means to regulate the interval, direction,
alignment and cadence on a base file (right, left, or center).

Question 14

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: CENTER

Answer 14

Center
The middle element of a formation within an odd number of elements or the
left center element of a formation with an even number of elements.
Remember the guide will be included in the count.

Question 15

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: PACE
STEP(half,back,right-left,quick and double time)

Answer 15

Pace
The length of a full step at quick time, which is 30 inches and is measured
from the back of one heel to the back of the other heel.
Step (half, back, right-left, quick & double time)
The distance from heel to heel between the feet of a marching man.
The half step and back step are 15 inches.
The right and left steps are 12 inches.
The steps in quick and double time are 30 and 36 inches respectively.

Question 16

Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: CADENCE

Answer 16

A rhythmic rate of march at a uniform step.

Question 17

what are the four characteristics of command voice

Answer 17

voice control
distinctness
inflection
cadence

Question 18

explain voice control

Answer 18

Voice Control
The voice is controlled by opening the throat, using the mouth to shape the
words, and using the diaphragm to control the volume.
The loudness of a command is adjusted to the number of men in the unit.
The only position for giving commands is at the position of attention
The most important muscle used in breathing is the diaphragm. This is the
large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.
The cavities of the throat, mouth, and nose act as amplifiers and help to give
fullness and projection to the voice.

Question 19

explain distinctness

Answer 19

Distinctness
All commands can be pronounced correctly without loss of effect.
Distinctness depends on the correct use of your tongue, lips, and teeth which
form the separate sounds of a word.
To develop the ability to give clear, distinct commands, practice giving
commands slowly and carefully, prolonging the syllables. Gradually increase
your rate of delivery until you develop the proper cadence, while continuing
to enunciate each syllable distinctly

Question 20

explain inflection

Answer 20

Inflection is the rise and fall in pitch and tone in the voice.

Question 21

Explain: Cadence

Answer 21

Cadence when speaking in regards to commands means a uniform and
rhythmic flow in words.
The interval between commands is generally of uniform length for any given
troop unit. This is necessary so that everyone in the unit will be able to
understand the preparatory command and will know when to expect the
command of execution.
Except when supplementary commands need to be given, the best interval of
time for the squad or platoon on the march is that which allows one step to
be taken between the preparatory command and the command of execution.

Question 22

what are the two types of drill commands

Answer 22

Preparatory Command
command execution

Question 23

explain Preparatory command

Answer 23

is the command which indicates the movement to be
executed.
Beginning Pitch is in normal speaking voice.
Rising in inflection.

Question 24

explain command of execution

Answer 24

is the command which indicates when a movement is to
be executed.
Beginning Pitch is higher than the last pitch of the preparatory command.
No inflection.
The Snap is given sharply and succinctly

Question 25

Discuss the positions of individuals in the following color guards:
Marine Corps Color Guard

Answer 25

Left
Rifleman

Marine Corps Color Bearer

National Ensign
Color Bearer

Right
Rifleman

Question 26

Discuss the positions of individuals in the following color guards:Navy-Marine Corps Color Guard

Answer 26

Left rifleman (sailor)
Navy color(sailor)
Marine corps color(marine)
National Ensign(marine)
right RIfleman(Marine)

Question 27

Discuss the positions of individuals in the following color guards:Joint Armed Forces Color Guard

Answer 27

Left rifleman (MARINE)
CG Color (CG)
Air force color (AF)
Navy color (SAILOR)
Marine corps Color (MARINE)
Army color ( Soilder)
National ensign (soilder)
Right Rifleman (soilder)

Question 28

discuss a wet down

Answer 28

A party thrown by a newly promoted Staff NCO or officer to celebrate his/her
new rank. It must be pointed out that this is not an initiation.
At no time will anyone be humiliated, hazed, or forced to do something
against their will.
The following general guidelines should be followed:
The Wet Down should be held soon after the promotion, usually within
a month or so. It is usually held at the Staff NCO Club.
The amount of money spent by the recently promoted Marine is
normally one month’s pay raise. If several Marines from the same unit
have been promoted within a short period of time they can get together
and have one single Wet Down. This permits a more lavish
celebration. The money is spent on beverages and sometimes on
food.
The invited guests are usually fellow Marines of equal or superior rank
to that of the recently promoted Marine.
The warrant of the newly promoted Marine is displayed prominently. In
the past, the warrant was doused with alcohol at some point during the
gala, thus the term “Wet Down.” This practice is rarely followed today

Question 29

Discuss Hail and Farewell

Answer 29

This serves the purpose of introducing any SNCO’s and their spouses who
have arrived since the last Hail and Farewell and saying good-bye to any
SNCO’s who are leaving before the next Hail and Farewell.
These functions can be scheduled periodically, such as monthly or quarterly,
or they can be scheduled on a case-by-case basis.
It can be scheduled to coincide with a SNCO Call.
It is often held at the SNCO Club, though some units schedule farewell
luncheons at the section level to make the farewell more personal.

Question 30

Disucss a Hail

Answer 30

This is usually a brief introduction of any newly arrived SNCO’s with comments on where they are coming from and where they will be working.

Question 31

discuss a farewell

Answer 31

This normally takes longer than a Hail.
The Marine’s current section should be mentioned as well as where he is
going.
This is also an appropriate time to present him with any plaques or
mementos.
If he/she is given a Farewell Luncheon, then the Marine who is leavingshould be permitted to select the location of the meal. Further, since
he/she is the Guest of Honor, the other attendees should pick up the tab
for his/her meal.
If the number of Marines present is small, then each Marine may be
given the chance to make comments on the character of the departing
Marine.
The departing Marine should be given the chance to make comments.

Question 32

discuss Promotions and Re-enlistment’s

Answer 32

Required ceremonies to recognize milestones in an individual Marines
career.
First the time, date, and place for the ceremony must be designated and the
information disseminated.
The size of the unit and the space available for the formation will determine
whether the unit will be formed at close interval or at normal interval.
Once the unit has been formed, the individual or individual’s to be recognized
will form up in the rear of the formation.
They form according to precedence of award, medals, certificate of
commendation, meritorious mast, letter of appreciation, etc.
Personal awards
Promotions
Re-enlistments

Question 33

P Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 1

Answer 33

Step 1
When the unit is formed, the formation of Marines to be recognized will
be formed normally in one rank behind the formation. The formation is
reported to the Commander by the senior enlisted.

Question 34

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 2

Answer 34

The commander will then command “POST”. The senior enlisted
marches in a most direct route to the left of the Commander.

Question 35

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 3

Answer 35

The senior enlisted will then command “PERSONNEL TO RECEIVE
AWARDS, PROMOTIONS, etc., CENTER (Marines to be recognized will
execute a right face) MARCH”. They will march to a position in front of
the formation approximately 5 paces in front and centered on the
Commander

Question 36

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 4

Answer 36

Next the senior enlisted will command “MARK TIME MARCH”, “DETAIL
HALT”, “RIGHT FACE”, “HAND SALUTE, after the Commander has
returned the salute, the senior enlisted will command “READY TWO”.

Question 37

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 5

Answer 37

The designated Marine will read the orders and citations to be presented.
After the reading of the first citation, the senior officer, accompanied by
designated staff personnel, advances to the first person to be
recognized. Then the commander will then hand or attach the
appropriate award to the Marine and then moves to the next person to
receive a promotion or citation and that promotion or re-enlistment
citation is read. The commander will also congratulate each person with
a hand shake for receiving a promotion or re-enlistment.

Question 38

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 6

Answer 38

Immediately after shaking hands, the person being promoted or reenlisted salutes the senior officer. The commander returns the salute
before proceeding to the next person. After shaking hands with the last
person, the commander and the senior enlisted returns to their post.

Question 39

Procedures for awarding the member:
STEP 7

Answer 39

Once the commander is positioned, the senior Marine of the detail will
give the command “HAND SALUTE”, after the commander renders
his/her salute, the senior Marine of the detail gives the command
“READY TWO, LEFT FACE, FORWARD MARCH”, and the detail will
then march by the most direct route to the rear of the formation.

Question 40

Explain dining in

Answer 40

The Commanding Officer may desire to conduct a formal dinner in honor of
recognizing a new member to the unit, or saying farewell to a departing
member. This has commonly been referred to as a Dining In.
It may be given in recognition of a dignitary, or to individual or unit
achievements. It can also simply be used as a means for the members of a
command to get together in a formal setting to become more acquainted.
When conducting a Dining In, the guidelines for a Mess Night are adhered to,
but adjustments for attire are allowed.
When a dining in is conducted spouses, boyfriends, girlfriends, and other
non-military guests may attend.
The attendance of these individuals makes the event a dining in, rather
than a Mess Night.
The Mess Night is a stag affair. In other words, non-military guests are
not invited unless they are being recognized at the dinner.
Guests and the spouses of the members of the Mess are considered
guests of the Mess and must be treated as such. When determining the
official guest(s) of the Mess, care must be taken to include the
spouse(s). Ideally, the Guest of Honor should be a military or civilian
couple that has, by their example, jointly contributed to the nation.
The invitations may include spouses and will indicate the attire to be
worn. For the ladies, it is a formal occasion, and as such, formal dresses
are expected. Bare shoulders are not considered appropriate.
Seating Arrangement. Care must be taken not to place a lady at the end
of the table.
Miscellaneous - Flowers may be ordered for each of the ladies and the
after dinner speeches should be of interest to both Marines and their
spouses

Question 41

explain marine corps birthday

Answer 41

The following procedure is prescribed as a guide for the conduct of the
Marine Corps Birthday Ceremony. It is outlined on the basis of a Marine
Corps post commanded by a general officer.
At posts where no general officer is present, and in enlisted men’s messes,
modifications may be made as necessary to meet local conditions.
Rehearsals must be conducted to ensure that the ceremony proceeds
smoothly and precisely.
It is recognized that considerable variation must be made in this ceremony to
conform to the configuration of the dance floor or in the absence of a band or
field music. Examples are:
When the ceremony is conducted at posts where there is no general
officer commanding, the senior line officer will follow the procedure
outlined for the commanding general. At such posts, the escorts will be
formed from appropriate ranks present.
When the ceremony is conducted at NCO’s or other enlisted messes,
appropriate ranking NCO’s will preside and form the escort.
Where the ballroom is of sufficient size, two officers or enlisted personnel
of each rank will be assigned to the escort
Where practicable, the uniform worn will be, evening dress or blue dress.
The birthday cake will be mounted on a mess serving cart or similar
conveyance covered with scarlet and gold bunting.
Where swords are not available, escorts will execute hand salute at
appropriate commands

Question 42

explain change of command (relief/Appoint)

Answer 42

When practicable, the ceremony will be held upon the change of command
for an organization of battalion or squadron size, or larger units and directors
of schools. The ceremony is normally a parade, however, it may be a review
or as simple as a formation of the unit affected.
The color guard is normally trooped as part of the sequence of events.
However, if the incoming commander is being promoted at the parade or the
outgoing commander is retiring or receiving an award during the parade, the
color guard marches on with the formation and the colors are brought
forward for the promotion/retirement/awards portion of the ceremony

Question 43

Take 5 mins bro

Answer 43

Good shit