1100 - 1295 (1st sem) Flashcards
1
Q
Name the enzyme on the figure
A
A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
C: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II
D: Carnitine acylcarnitine translocase
2
Q
Name the cellular compartment/organelle (A - E)
A
A: Cytosol
B: Outer mitoch. Membr.
C: Intermembr. space
D: Inner mitoch. Membr.
E: Mitochondrial matrix
3
Q
The scheme shows one successful step of the β-oxidation of Palmitoyl-CoA. What is the name of the product labeled with A/B?
A
A: Acyl-CoA
B: Acetyl-CoA
4
Q
The scheme shows the β-oxidation of fatty acids.
-> What is the name of the enzyme labeled with A?
A
A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
5
Q
The scheme shows the β-oxidation of fatty acids.
-> What is the name of the enzyme labeled with B?
A
B: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
6
Q
The scheme shows the β-oxidation of fatty acids.
-> What is the name of the enzyme labeled with C?
A
C: Δ2-Enoyl-CoA hydratase
7
Q
The scheme shows the β-oxidation of fatty acids.
-> What is the name of the enzyme labeled with D?
A
D: L(+)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
8
Q
The scheme shows the β-oxidation of fatty acids.
-> What is the name of the enzyme labeled with E?
A
E: Thiolase
9
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid.
A
Linoleyl-CoA
10
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid
A
∆3-cis-∆6-cis-Dienoyl-CoA
11
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid
A
∆2-trans-∆6-cis-Dienoyl-CoA
12
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid
A
∆2-trans-∆4-cis-Dienoyl-CoA
13
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid
A
∆3-trans-Enoyl-CoA
14
Q
Name the displayed intermedier in the oxidation process of Linoleic acid.
A
∆2-trans-Enoyl-CoA
15
Q
Name the type of the enzyme that catalyzes the shown reaction, part of the oxidation process of Linoleic acid.
A
Isomerase
16
Q
Name the type of the enzyme that catalyzes the shown reaction, part of the oxidation process of Linoleic acid
A
Isomerase
17
Q
Name the type of the enzyme that catalyzes the shown reaction, part of the oxidation process of Linoleic acid.
A
Reductase
18
Q
Name the ketone body labeled with A/B/C.
A
A: Acetoacetate
B: Acetone
C: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate
19
Q
Which of the two reactions is/are catalyzed by a mitochondrial enzyme?
A
B
20
Q
Which of the two reactions is/are spontaneous?
A
A
21
Q
Name enzyme A/B/C/D/E in the chain of ketogenesis.
A
A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
22
Q
Name enzyme A in the chain of ketogenesis.
A
A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
(A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase)
23
Q
Name enzyme B in the chain of ketogenesis.
A
B: Thiolase
(A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase)
24
Q
Name enzyme C in the chain of ketogenesis.
A
C: HMG-CoA synthase
(A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase)
25
Name enzyme D in the chain of ketogenesis.
D: HMG-CoA lyase
(A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase)
26
Name enzyme E in the chain of ketogenesis.
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
(A: Acyl-CoA synthetase
B: Thiolase
C: HMG-CoA synthase
D: HMG-CoA lyase
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase)
27
Name molecule A/B/C/D/E in the chain of ketogenesis.
A: Acetoacetyl-CoA
B: Acetyl-CoA
C: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA (Hmg-CoA)
D: Acetoacetate
E: D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate
28
Name enzyme A/B on the figure
A: CoA Transferase
B: Thiolase
29
Name molecule A/B/C/D on the figure.
A: Acyl-CoA
B: HMG-CoA
C: 3-Hydroxybutyrate
D: Acetoacetyl-CoA
30
Name molecule A/B/C on the figure.
A: Acetyl-CoA
B: Acetoacetate
C: Acetoacetyl-CoA
31
Name enzyme A/B on the figure.
A: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
B: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I
32
Name molecule A/B/C on the figure.
A: Glucose
B: FFA
C: VLDL
33
Name molecule A/B/C/D on the figure.
A: Acetyl-CoA
B: Acyl-CoA
C: Malonyl-CoA
D: Acylglycerols
34
What is the name of process A/B/C/D on the scheme?
A: Lipogenesis
B: β-Oxidation
C: Esterification
D: Ketogenesis
35
Name the Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
36
Name the Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
Biotin carboxylase
37
Name the Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
Carboxyl transferase
38
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Ketoacyl synthase, Hydratase, Enoyl reductase, Ketoacyl reductase, Thioesterase
39
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Malonyl/acetyl transacylase, Hydratase,
Enoyl reductase, Ketoacyl reductase, Acyl carrier protein
40
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Ketoacyl synthase, Malonyl/acetyl transacylase, Hydratase,
Enoyl reductase, Ketoacyl reductase
41
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Hydratase,
Enoyl reductase, Ketoacyl reductase, Acyl carrier protein, Thioesterase
42
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer? protein, Thioesterase
Ketoacyl synthase, Enoyl reductase, Ketoacyl reductase, Acyl carrier protein, Thioesterase
43
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Ketoacyl synthase, Malonyl/acetyl transacylase, Ketoacyl reductase, Acyl carrier protein, Thioesterase
44
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Ketoacyl synthase, Malonyl/acetyl transacylase, Hydratase,
Acyl carrier protein, Thioesterase
45
What is the correct sequence of enzymes A, B, C, D and E in the primary structure of fatty acid synthase monomer?
Ketoacyl synthase, Malonyl/acetyl transacylase, Hydratase,
Enoyl reductase, Thioesterase
46
Name molecule A/B/C/D/E on the scheme.
A: Acyl(acetyl)-malonyl enzyme
B: 3-Ketoacyl enzyme (acetoacetyl enzyme)
C: D(–)-3-Hydroxyacyl enzyme
D: 2,3-Unsaturated acyl enzyme
E: Acyl enzyme
47
Name enzyme A/B/C/D/E on the scheme.
A: 3-Ketoacyl synthase
B: 3-Ketoacly reductase
C: Hydratase
D: Enoyl reductase
E: Thioesterase
48
Name enzyme A/B/C on the scheme.
A: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
B: Malonyl acetyl transacylase
C: Malonyl acetyl transacylase
(Biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids. Details of how addition of a malonyl residue causes the acyl chain to grow by two carbon atoms. (Cys, cysteine residue; Pan, 4′-phosphopantetheine.) The blocks highlighted in blue contain initially a C2 unit derived from acetyl-CoA (as illustrated) and subse- quently the Cn unit formed in reaction 5.)
49
Name enzyme D/E on the scheme.
D: 3-Ketoacyl synthase
E: 3-Ketoacyl reductase
(Biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids. Details of how addition of a malonyl residue causes the acyl chain to grow by two carbon atoms. (Cys, cysteine residue; Pan, 4′-phosphopantetheine.) The blocks highlighted in blue contain initially a C2 unit derived from acetyl-CoA (as illustrated) and subse- quently the Cn unit formed in reaction 5.)
50
Name molecule A/B/C/D on the scheme.
A: Glucose-6-phosphate
B: Fructose-6-phosphate
C: Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate
D: Pyruvate
51
Name molecule A, B, C on the scheme.
A: Pyruvate
B: Malate
C: Citrate
52
Name enzyme A, B, C on the scheme.
A: Malate Dehydrogenase
B: Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase
C: Malic Enzyme
53
Name enzyme D, E on the scheme.
D: ATP-Citrate lase
E: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
54
Name enzyme F, G on the scheme.
F: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
G: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
55
Name molecule A, B on the scheme
A: Citrate
B: Isocitrate
56
Name molecule C, D on the scheme
C: Malate
D: Malonyl-CoA
57
Name Molecule A, B, C on the scheme.
A: Acetyl-CoA
B: Oxaloacetate
C: α-Ketoglutarate
58
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Peripheral apoprotein
b. Cholesterol-rich lipid raft
c. Transmembrane protein
d. Cholesterol-free lipid raft
a. Peripheral apoprotein
59
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Phospholipid
b. Transmembrane protein
c. Free fatty acid
d. Glycerol
a. Phospholipid
60
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Cholesteryl ester
b. Free cholesterol
c. Phosphatidylserine
d. Cholesteryl glycerol
e. A small hydrophobic protein
a. Cholesteryl ester
61
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Triacylglycerol
b. Partially degraded cholesterol
c. Free fatty acid
d. Glycerol
e. A short hydrophobic peptide
a. Triacylglycerol
62
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Integral apoprotein
b. Cholesterol-rich lipid raft
c. Cholesterol-free lipid raft
d. Caveola
a. Integral apoprotein
63
Examine the image. Identify "Molecule X".
Select one:
a. Free cholesterol
b. Small hydrophobic peptide
c. Phosphatidylcholine
d. Phosphatidylserine
a. Free cholesterol
64
Examine the image. Which is true for "Area X"?
Select one:
a. Lipoprotein core of mainly nonpolar lipids.
b. Lipoprotein core of mainly polar lipids.
c. Lipoprotein core rich in hydrophobic proteins.
d. Lipoprotein core rich in charged lipids.
a. Lipoprotein core of mainly nonpolar lipids.
65
Examine the image. Which is true for "Area X"?
Select one:
a. Monolayer of mainly amphipathic lipids.
b. Bilayer of mainly amphipathic lipids.
c. Monolayer of mainly nonpolar lipids.
d. Bilayer of nolayer of mainly nonpolar lipids.
a. Monolayer of mainly amphipathic lipids.
66
What is particle X?
Select one:
a. HDL
b. Chylomicron remnant
c. LDL
d. Nascent chylomicron
d. Nascent chylomicron
67
What is particle X?
Select one:
a. Chylomicron
b. LDL
c. HDL
d. Chylomicron remnant
a. Chylomicron
68
What is particle X (image below)?
Select one:
a. LDL
b. HDL
c. Chylomicron remnant
d. Nascent chylomicron
c. Chylomicron remnant
69
What is particle X?
Select on:
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. VLDL
d. Chylomicron remnant
a. HDL
70
What is particle X?
Select on:
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. VLDL
d. Chylomicron remnant
a. HDL
71
What is enzyme X, hydrolysing the chylomicron’s triglycerides?
Select one:
a. Lipoprotein lipase
b. Phospholipase C
c. Endothelial lipase
d. Lysosomal lipase
a. Lipoprotein lipase
72
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Glycerol
b. Cholesterol
c. Triglycerides
d. Phospholipids
a. Glycerol
73
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Fatty acids
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Triacylglycerol
e. Cholesteryl ester
a. Fatty acids
74
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Phospholipids
b. Glycerol
c. Triacylglycerol
d. Cholesterol
d. Cholesterol
75
What is particle X?
Select one:
a. Nascent VLDL
b. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
c. LDL
d. HDL
a. Nascent VLDL
76
Examine the image. What is "Particle X"?
Select one:
a. VLDL
b. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
c. LDL
d. HDL
a. VLDL
77
Examine the image. What is "Particle X"?
select one:
a. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
b. Nascent VLDL
c. LDL
d. HDL
a. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
78
Examine the image. What is "Particle X"?
Select one:
a. LDL
b. HDL
c. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
d. VLDL
a. LDL
79
Examine the image. What is "Particle X"?
Select one:
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. VLDL
d. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL)
a. HDL
80
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Glucose
b. Fructose
c. Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate
d. Glucose 1-phosphate
a. Glucose
81
Examine the image. What is "Hormone X"?
Select one:
a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Adrenaline
d. Dopamine
a. Insulin
82
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Glucose 6-phosphate
b. Glucose 1-phosphate
c. Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate
d. Fructose 6-phosphate
a. Glucose 6-phosphate
83
Examine the image. What are "Path X" and "Path Y"?
Select one:
a. "Path X" is Glycolysis. "Path Y" is Pentose phosphate pathway.
b. "Path X" is Pentose phosphate pathway. "Path Y" is Glycolysis.
c. Both pathways are alternative versions of Glycolysis.
d. "Path X" is Glycolysis. "Path Y" is Gluconeogenesis.
e. "Path X" is Glycogenolysis. "Path Y" is Pentose phosphate pathway.
a. "Path X" is Glycolysis. "Path Y" is Pentose phosphate pathway.
84
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Glycerol
c. Fructose
d. Cholesterol
e. Glucose
a. Acetyl-CoA
85
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Glycerol 3-phosphate
b. Glucose
c. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
d. Cholesterol
e. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
a. Glycerol 3-phosphate
86
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Acyl-CoA
b. Acetyl-CoA
c. Pyruvate
d. Cholesterol
e. Glycerol
a. Acyl-CoA
87
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Acyl-CoA synthetase
b. Acyl-CoA lyase
c. Acyl-CoA reductase
d. Phosphoglycerate mutase
e. Hexokinase
a. Acyl-CoA synthetase
88
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
b. Triacylglycerol reductase
c. Glycerol synthetase
d. Fatty acid hydrolase
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
89
Examine the image. "Reaction X", combining Acyl-CoA with Glycerol 3-phosphate, is a reaction of... ?
Select one:
a. Esterification
b. Oxidation-reduction
c. Etherification
d. Hydrolysis
a. Esterification
90
Examine the image. "Reaction X", breaking triacylglycerol (TG) into free fatty acids (FFA) and Glycerol, is a reaction of... ?
Select one:
a. Hydrolysis (Lipolysis)
b. Etherification
c. Oxidation-reduction
d. Transamination
e. Dephosphorylation
a. Hydrolysis (Lipolysis)
91
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Glycerol
b. Acyl-CoA c. Acetyl-CoA
d. Cholesterol
e. Glycogen
a. Glycerol
92
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Lipoprotein lipase
b. Serine hydrolase
c. Choline esterase
d. Alcohol dehydrogenase
e. Triacylglycerol ligase
a. Lipoprotein lipase
93
Examine the image and locate the enzyme Hormone-sensitive lipase. Which compounds inhibit this enzyme?
Select one:
a. Insulin, Nicotinic acid.
b. Insulin, Glucagon.
c. Glucagon, Epinephrine.
d. Insulin, Vasopressin.
e. Epinephrine, Nicotinic acid.
a. Insulin, Nicotinic acid.
94
Examine the image and locate the enzyme Hormone-sensitive lipase. Which compounds activate this enzyme?
Select one:
a. Glucagon, Epinephrine.
b. Glucagon, Insulin.
c. Insulin, Nicotinic acid.
d. Glucagon, Nicotinic acid.
e. Insulin, Vasopressin.
a. Glucagon, Epinephrine.
95
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Adenylyl cyclase
b. ATP-dependent oxidoreductase
c. AMP hydrolase
d. cAMP kinase
a. Adenylyl cyclase
96
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Phosphodiesterase
b. cAMP kinase
c. AMP phosphatase
d. AMP ligase
a. Phosphodiesterase
97
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
b. cAMP-dependent protein phosphatase
c. Triacylglycerol kinase
d. Triacylglycerol ligase
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
98
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. cAMP-dependent protein kinase
b. cAMP-dependent protein phosphatase
c. ATP ligase
d. cAMP hydrolase
a. cAMP-dependent protein kinase
99
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Lipase phosphatase
b. Lipase kinase
c. Lipase hydrolase
d. cAMP-dependent protein phosphatase
e. Lipase oxidoreductase
a. Lipase phosphatase
100
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
b. Diacylglycerol ligase
c. Monoacylglycerol synthetase
a. Hormone-sensitive lipase
101
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. 2-Monoacylglycerol lipase
b. 2-Monoacylglycerol kinase
c. 2-Monoacylglycerol ligase
d. Glycerol synthetase
a. 2-Monoacylglycerol lipase
102
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. ATP
b. ADP
c. AMP
a. ATP
103
Examine the image. What is "Hormone X", regulating the 3 indicated steps?
Select one:
a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
d. Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine)
e. Testosterone
a. Insulin
104
Examine the image. Which type of drugs could be "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. beta-Adrenergic blockers
b. alpha-Adrenergic blockers
c. Both alpha- and beta- Adrenergic blockers
a. beta-Adrenergic blockers
105
Examine the image. How do the 3 indicated groups of chemical compounds influence the enzyme Adenylyl cyclase?
Select one:
a. Epinephrine and Glucagon activate the enzyme; Insulin inhibits it.
b. Epinephrine and Insulin activate the enzyme; Glucagon inhibits it.
c. Nicotinic acid and TSH activate the enzyme; Norepinephrine inhibits it.
d. All activate the enzyme.
e. All inhibit the enzyme.
a. Epinephrine and Glucagon activate the enzyme; Insulin inhibits it.
106
Examine the image. How do Adenosine and FFA (free fatty acids) influence the enzyme Adenylyl cyclase?
Select one:
a. Both inhibit the enzyme.
b. Both activate the enzyme.
c. Adenosine activates the enzyme; FFA inhibit it.
d. FFA activate the enzyme; Adenosine inhibits it.
a. Both inhibit the enzyme.
107
Examine the image. How do the Methylxanthines influence the indicated steps?
Select one:
a. Inhibition in both cases.
b. Activation in both cases.
c. Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase; activation of the Adenosine's effect on Adenylyl cyclase.
d. Activation of Phosphodiesterase; inhibition of the Adenosine's effect on Adenylyl cyclase.
a. Inhibition in both cases.
108
Examine the image. What are the 2 hormones' effects on the indicated steps?
Select one:
a. Activation in both cases.
b. Inhibition in both cases.
c. Activation from the Thyroid hormone; inhibition from the Growth hormone.
d. Activation from the Growth hormone; inhibition from the Thyroid hormone.
a. Activation in both cases.
109
Examine the image. What is the effect of cAMP on the cAMP-dependent protein kinase?
Select one:
a. Activation.
b. Inhibition.
c. Neither activation nor inhibition, cAMP is only a substrate for the enzyme.
a. Activation.
110
Examine the image. What are the regulatory effects of Insulin and Thyroid hormone on the Phosphodiesterase?
Select one:
a. Positive from Insulin; negative from Thyroid hormone.
b. Positive from Thyroid hormone; negative from Insulin.
c. Positive from both.
d. Negative from both.
a. Positive from Insulin; negative from Thyroid hormone.
111
Examine the image. What are the regulatory effects of Insulin on the indicated steps?
Select one:
a. Positive on Lipase phosphatase; negative on the cAMP-independent pathway.
b. Negative on Lipase phosphatase; positive on the cAMP-independent pathway.
c. Positive in both cases.
d. Negative in both cases.
a. Positive on Lipase phosphatase; negative on the cAMP-independent pathway
112
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Coenzyme A
c. Thiocarboxyl-CoA
d. Ethanol-CoA
a. Acetyl-CoA
113
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Acetoacetyl-CoA
b. Butanethiol-CoA
c. Glycerol-CoA
d. Coenzyme A
e. 1-methylpropanol-CoA
a. Acetoacetyl-CoA
114
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. HMG-CoA reductase
b. HMG-CoA oxidase
c. HMG-CoA lyase
d. HMG-CoA hydrolase
a. HMG-CoA reductase
115
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA (HMG-CoA)
b. 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentane- CoA
c. Acetylglycerol-CoA
d. Thiohexane-CoA
e. Butane-2-ol-acetyl-CoA
a. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA (HMG-CoA)
116
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Mevalonate
b. 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentanol
c. Hydroxymevalonic acid
d. Acetyl-acetoacetate
a. Mevalonate
117
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. Thiolase
b. CoA lyase
c. Acetase
d. Kinase
a. Thiolase
118
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. HMG-CoA synthase
b. HMG-CoA lyase
c. HMG-CoA hydrolase
d. HMG-CoA esterase
a. HMG-CoA synthase
119
Examine the image. What is "Enzyme X"?
Select one:
a. HMG-CoA reductase
b. HMG-CoA oxidase
c. HMG-CoA lyase
d. HMG-CoA hydrolase
a. HMG-CoA reductase
120
Examine the image. What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Coenzyme A
c. Acetoacetyl-CoA
d. Succinyl-CoA
a. Acetyl-CoA
121
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. 3-methylpentane
b. Coenzyme A
c. Mevalonate
d. Isoprene
c. Mevalonate
122
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Progesterone
b. Stigmasterol
c. Cholesterol
d. Testosterone
c. Cholesterol
123
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Chenodeoxycholyl-CoA
b. Acetoacetyl-CoA
c. Testosteryl-CoA
d. Progesteryl-CoA
e. Vitamin D
a. Chenodeoxycholyl-CoA
124
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Cholyl-CoA
c. Hydroxycholesterol-CoA
d. Cholesteryl-CoA
b. Cholyl-CoA
125
What is molecule X?
Select one:
a. Glycocholic acid
b. Cholic acid
c. Cholesteryl-glycine
a. Glycocholic Acid
126
What is molecule X ?
Select one:
a. Vitamin D
b. Cholic acid
c. Deoxycholic acid
c. Deoxycholic acid
127
Examine the image. What is "Molecule X"?
Select one:
a. Lithocholic acid
b. Cholic acid
c. Vitamin D
d. Chenodeoxycholic acid
Answer:
a. Lithocholic acid
128
What is enzyme X ?
Select one:
a. Lyase
b. Oxidase
c. Hydroxylase
d. Ligase
C. Hydroxylase
129
What is enzyme X?
Select one:
a. Hydroxylase
b. Oxidase
c. Lyase
d. Ligase
a. Hydroxylase
130
You can see the elongation of fatty acid chains below. Where do these reactions occur?
Select one:
a. Mitochondria
b. Cytosol
c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
131
You can see the microsomal fatty acid elongase system below. Which substrate S fits in the figure?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Malonyl-CoA
c. Propionyl-CoA
d. Butyryl-CoA
b. Malonyl-CoA
132
You can see the microsomal fatty acid elongase system below. Which substrate S fits in the figure?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Acyl-CoA
c. Propionyl-CoA
d. Butyryl-CoA
b. Acyl-CoA
133
You can see the elongation of fatty acid chains below. Identify the first enzyme (E1), second (E2), third (E3), fourth (E4) of the elongase system
E1: 3-ketoacyl-CoAsynthase
E2: 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase
E3: 3-hydroxyl-CoA dehydrase
E4: 2-trans-enoyl-CoA reductase
134
You can see the elongation of fatty acids. Identify the cofactor (C) used in the following reactions:
Select one:
a. NADH + H+
b. NAD+
c. NADPH + H+
d. NADP+
e. Both NADPH + H+ and NADH + H+ can be used
f. Both NADP+ and NAD+ can be used
e. Both NADPH + H+ and NADH + H+ can be used
135
In the picture, you can see the regulation of an enzyme. Which enzyme is it?
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
b. Acetyl-CoA dehydrogenase
c. Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
d. Fatty acid synthase
a. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
136
In the picture you can see the regulatory method of an enzyme which catalyses the first step of lipogenesis. Identify the substrate of this enzyme.
Select one:
a. Acetyl-CoA
b. Citrate
c. Propionyl-CoA
d. Oxaloacetate
a. Acetyl-CoA
137
What product P is formed in the reaction catalyzed by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Select one:
a. Malonyl-CoA
b. Propionyl-CoA
c. Citrate
d. Acetyl-carnitine
A. Malonyl-CoA
138
In the picture you can see the regulation of the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Identify the missing H1 hormone.
Select one:
a. Glucagon
b. Insulin
c. Adrenalin
d. Growth hormone
b. Insulin
139
Which molecule (L) fits in the figure?
Select one:
a. Acyl-CoA
b. Propionyl-CoA
c. Ketoacyl-CoA
d. Hydroacyl-CoA
a. Acyl-CoA
140
Where does the following reaction occur?
Select one:
a. Mitochondria
b. Cytosol
c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
141
Which substrate would you choose for the following reaction?
Select one:
a. Stearoyl-CoA
b. Palmitoyl-CoA
c. Palmitoleoyl-CoA
d. Enoyl-CoA
a. Stearoyl-CoA
142
What product (P) is formed in the following reaction?
Select one:
a. Oleoyl-CoA
b. Palmitoleoyl-CoA
c. Enoyl-CoA
d. Palmitoyl-CoA
a. Oleoyl-CoA
143
Choose the missing enzyme.
Select one:
a. Δ9 desaturase
b. Δ4 desaturase
c. Δ5 desaturase
d. Δ6 desaturase
a. Δ9 desaturase
144
Identify the cofactor (C) used in the following reaction.
Select one:
a. NADH + H+
b. NAD+
c. NADPH + H+
d. NADP+
a. NADH + H+
