1.1 Monomers and polymers

Question 1

monomers

Answer 1

smaller units from which larger molecules are made

Question 2

polymers

Answer 2

are molecules made from large number of monomers joined together

Question 3

Define monosaccharide.

Answer 3

the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made
single sugar units

Question 4

what are examples of monomers

Answer 4

monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides

Question 5

Name the type of reaction that joins monosaccharides together.

Answer 5

condensation

Question 6

Define hydrolysis reaction

Answer 6

A reaction that breaks a chemical bond between two molecules
use of a water molecule

Question 7

Define condensation reaction.

Answer 7

A reaction that joins two molecules together
with the formation of a chemical bond

elimination of a molecule of water.

Question 8

Describe the biochemical tests you would use to confirm the presence of lipid, non-reducing sugar and amylase in a sample.

Answer 8

Lipid
1.   Add ethanol/alcohol then add water and shake/mix
2.   emulsion test turns white/milky;

Non-reducing sugar
3.   Do Benedict’s test and stays blue/negative;
4.   Boil with acid then neutralise with alkali;
5.   Heat with Benedict’s and becomes red/orange precipitate

Amylase
6.   Add biuret (reagent) and becomes purple/violet/mauve/lilac;
sodium or potassium hydroxide and copper sulfate
Reject heating biuret test.
7.   Add starch, (leave for a time), test for reducing sugar/absence of starch;