11: Cerebellum; Visual Motor System Flashcards
Which of the following cerebellar peduncles will convey information about the motor plan from the cortex to the contralateral cerebellum?
A. Superior cerebellar peduncle
B. Middle cerebellar peduncle
C. Inferior cerebellar peduncle
B: Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
The corticopontine tracts will project to the ipsilateral pontine nuclei. The pontine nuclei will send their axons across the pons to enter the contralateral cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle. This is how the motor plan generated by the sensorimotor cortices of one hemisphere is conveyed to the contralateral cerebellum.
True or false: Proprioceptive and vestibular information from one side of the body is projected to the ipsilateral cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
True
Which of the following types of information is NOT conveyed to the cerebellum via mossy fibers?
A. Proprioceptive information
B. Vestibular information
C. Integrated information from the inferior olivary complex
D. Information about the motor plan
C
Which deep nucleus is associated with the lateral zone of the cerebellar cortex?
A. Fastigial
B. Interposed
C. Dentate
C
Which of the following cerebellar nodules will modulate upper motor neurons of the brainstem that are part of the ventromedial system? Select all that apply.
- Vestibulocerebellum
- Spinocerebellum (vermal zone)
- Spinocerebellum (intermediate zone)
- Cerebrocerebellum
- Vestibulocerebellum
- Spinocerebellum (vermal zone)
True or false: The interposed nuclei will output to the contralateral limb regions of the motor cortex (via a relay in the VL of the thalamus) and the red nucleus to modulate UMNs of the CST and Rubrospinal tracts.
True
The dentate nucleus will project to which of the following areas of the brain? Select all that apply.
- Contralateral limb regions of the motor cortex via relay in VL of thalamus
- Contralateral red nucleus
- Bilateral vestibular nuclei
- Bilateral reticular formation
- Trunk region of the contralateral motor cortex via relay in the VL of the thalamus
- Contralateral limb regions of the motor cortex via relay in VL of thalamus
- Contralateral red nucleus
In order to look to the right, you need to activate which of the following muscles?
A. Left lateral rectus and right medial rectus
B. Right lateral rectus anf left medial rectus
C. Right and left medial rectus
B
Which neural pathway provides innervation of muscles that allow for lens accommodation and pupillary constriction?
A. Communication between preganglionic neurons of the intermediate cell column and the superior cervical region
B. Communication between preganglionic neurons of the EWN and ciliary ganglion
C. Communication between preganglionic neurons of the EWN and the superior cervical ganglion
B
Your patient presents with ptosis of the eye and a constricted pupil. Based on this information, you conclude which of the following?
A. CN III palsy
B. CN VI palsy
C. Injury to the superior cervical ganglion
C
True or false: Conjugate eye movements involve movement of the eyes in the same direction.
True
Which of the following is a gaze shifting movement? Select all that apply.
- Vestibulo-ocular reflex
- Saccades
- Smooth pursuits
- Vergence
- Saccades
- Smooth pursuits
- Vergence
True or false: The left horizontal gaze center will produce a horizontal saccade to the right.
False
Neurons in the right horizontal gaze center will activate neurons in which of the following nuclei?
A. Abducens nucleus (left)
B. Abducens nucleus (right)
C. Oculomotor nucleus (left)
B
True or false: The frontal eye fields are the UMNs that will send commands to control voluntary saccades.
True
The tectorecticulospinal system will output to which of the following areas? Select all that apply.
- Horizontal gaze center
- Vertical gaze center
- Medially-located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord
- Laterally-located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord
- Horizontal gaze center
- Vertical gaze center
- Medially-located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord
True or false: The cerebellum receives afferent information from the inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles.
True
Which is NOT a component of the vestibulocerebellum?
A. Flocculonodular lobe
B. Fastigial nucleus
C. Dentate nucleus
D. Vestibular nerve and nuclei
C
Impairment in coordination and accuracy of movements that accompany cerebellar damage is called
A. Apraxia
B. Ataxia
C. Dyspraxia
D. Weakness
B
True or false: A lesion to CN III will result in ipsilateral weakness of the medial rectus and a lesion in CN VI will result in ipsilateral weakness of the lateral rectus.
True
True or false: Rapid conjugate eye movements that redirect gaze to an object of interest to allow for fovea inspection is an example of targeting movements, also known as a type of gaze-stabilizing movement.
False
This is describing saccades.
True or false: “Near triad” is a term for the changes that occur in the eye when the gaze is shifted from a closer target to one further away.
False
It is a term for the changes that occur in the eye when the gaze is shifted from a farther target* to one nearer.
_____ fibers connect an area in one hemisphere of the cortex to the area of the cortex in the opposite hemisphere.
A. Projection
B. Commissary/Callosal
C. Association
D. Cross
B
The neocortex has ______ layers.
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
D
The primary motor cortex is found in which lobe of the brain?
A. Frontal
B. Parietal
C. Temporal
D. Occipital
A
____ describes any disturbance in language, affecting the production of speech, the comprehension of speech, and the ability to reach or the ability to write.
A. Apraxia
B. Aphasia
C. Agnosia
D. Neglect
B
Which artery is the most common location of stories?
A. Anterior cerebral artery
B. Middle cerebral artery
C. Posterior cerebral artery
B
