1.04 - Pharmacokinetics 1 and 2 Flashcards
Enumerate the four pharmacokinetic parameters
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
Pharmacokinetic parameter that involves the passage of the drug from its site of administration into the circulation
Absorption
__ is the major factor that will influence absorption
Route of administration
___ is the carrier protein to which weak acids like warfarin, mefenamic acid, aspirin, vitamin c, and NSAIDs bind to during facilitated diffusion
Albumin
___ is the carrier protein to which weak bases like antacids, valium, naproxen, and diazepam bind to during facilitated diffusion
alpha globulin
If pH is (greater than or less than) pKa for weak acids, the weak acids can be absorbed in the membrane
Less than
If pH is (greater than or less than) pKa for weak bases, the weak bases can be absorbed in the membrane
Greater than
Urinary (acidification or alkalinization) accelerates excretion of weak bases
Acidification
Urinary (acidification or alkalinization) accelerates excretion of weak acids
Alkalinization
What is the bioavailability % of intravenously administered drugs?
100%
What is the bioavailability % of intramuscularly administered drugs?
75 to less than or equal to 100%
What is the bioavailability % of subcutaneously administered drugs?
75 to less than or equal to 100 %
What is the bioavailability % of orally administered drugs?
5 to less than 100%
What is the bioavailability % of rectally administered drugs?
30 to less than 100%
What is the bioavailability % of transdermally administered drugs?
80 to less than or equal to 100%
Generally speaking, in the presence of food, absorption is ____ (decreased or increased)
Decreased since food delays gastric emptying time
If taken with food, amoxicillin and paracetamol absorption is ___ (delayed, reduced, enhanced)
Delayed absorption of amoxicillin and paracetamol with food
If taken with food, ampicillin, digoxin, and doxycycline absorption is ___ (delayed, reduced, enhanced)
Reduced absorption
If taken with food, aspirin, beta-blockers and diazepam absorption is ___ (delayed, reduced, enhanced)
Enhanced absorption
Calcium and Magnesium-containing antacids chelate ___ rendering __ inactive
Tetracyclines
___ are degraded form of the drug
Metabolites
___ is the natural substrate for weak bases or organic cations for excretion in the proximal tubule of the kidneys
Histamine
___ is the natural substrate for weak acids or organic anions for excretion in the proximal tubule of the kidneys
Uric acid
