10. Urinary Tract Flashcards
Were is this found?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Where is this found?
Thick Limb Loop of Henle
Where is this found?
Thin Limb Loop of Henle
Where is this found?
Glomerulus
Where is this found?
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Where is this found?
Collecting Duct
Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?
Cortex
Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?
Medulla
Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?
Pelvis
What are glomerulus?
Tuft of covoluted fenesrated capillaries with a glomerular basement membrane
What is a glomerulus lined by?
Podocytes
What is a glomerulus supported by?
Mesangial cells
Glomerulus is encased in…
Bowman’s capsule
Where are mesangial cells located?
Between capillaries
Juxtaglomerular apparatus has what 2 components?
Afferent arteriole
Distal convoluted tubule
Afferent arterioles contibute what to juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Granular cells which secrete renin in response to low bp
Distal convoluted tubules contibute what to juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Macula densa- a patch of closely packed endothelial cells along tubule which senses NaCl concentration and regulates tubuloglomerular feedback
Proximal convoluted tubule has what epithelium?
Cuboidal epithelium, round central/basal nuclei, brush border of microvilli at apical end and many mitochondria (appears eosionphilic)
What happens at the proximal convoluted tubule epithelium?
Reabsorption of NaCl, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids and glucose
The thin Loop of Henle epithelium is…
Simple squamous
The thick Loop of Henle epithelium is…
Low cuboidal
The Loop of Henle is supplied by…
Rich vasa recta
Distal convoluted tubule has what epithelium?
Low cuboidal with scanty microvilli and numerous mitochondria
What is the role of distal convoluted tubule epithelia?
Regulates acid base by secreting H+ and absorbing HCO3-
Regulates Na levels by exchanging Na+ for K+
The collecting duct is made of what epithelium?
Cuboidal
Principal cells in the collecting duct respond to…
Aldosterone and ADH
Intercalated cells in the collecting duct…
Exchange H+ for HCO3-
The renal pelvis is lined by…
Urothelium
Urothelium transmits filtrate from… to…
Nephron to ureter
Urothelium is…
Specialised epithelium found in the collection/drainage parts of the urinart tract made of complex strtified epitheium with a layer of umbrella cells that overlie the pseudostratifies layer of polygonal cells
Describe ureters.
Transitional epithelium
Spiral muscular tube (Inner “longitudinal”, Outer “Circular”)
No serosa
Loose adventitia
The bladder is lined with what endothelium?
Urothelium
What does the functional valve in the bladder do?
Prevents reflux into the ureter
Describe female urethra.
4-5cm long
Proximally transitional epithelium
Distally squamous epithelium
Parautethral and periurethral glands open into the urethra
