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Histology > 10. Urinary Tract > Flashcards

10. Urinary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Were is this found?

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

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2
Q

Where is this found?

A

Thick Limb Loop of Henle

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3
Q

Where is this found?

A

Thin Limb Loop of Henle

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4
Q

Where is this found?

A

Glomerulus

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5
Q

Where is this found?

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule

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6
Q

Where is this found?

A

Collecting Duct

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7
Q

Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?

A

Cortex

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8
Q

Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?

A

Medulla

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9
Q

Kidney Cortex, Medulla or Pelvis?

A

Pelvis

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10
Q

What are glomerulus?

A

Tuft of covoluted fenesrated capillaries with a glomerular basement membrane

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11
Q

What is a glomerulus lined by?

A

Podocytes

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12
Q

What is a glomerulus supported by?

A

Mesangial cells

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13
Q

Glomerulus is encased in…

A

Bowman’s capsule

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14
Q

Where are mesangial cells located?

A

Between capillaries

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15
Q

Juxtaglomerular apparatus has what 2 components?

A

Afferent arteriole
Distal convoluted tubule

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16
Q

Afferent arterioles contibute what to juxtaglomerular apparatus?

A

Granular cells which secrete renin in response to low bp

17
Q

Distal convoluted tubules contibute what to juxtaglomerular apparatus?

A

Macula densa- a patch of closely packed endothelial cells along tubule which senses NaCl concentration and regulates tubuloglomerular feedback

18
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule has what epithelium?

A

Cuboidal epithelium, round central/basal nuclei, brush border of microvilli at apical end and many mitochondria (appears eosionphilic)

19
Q

What happens at the proximal convoluted tubule epithelium?

A

Reabsorption of NaCl, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids and glucose

20
Q

The thin Loop of Henle epithelium is…

A

Simple squamous

21
Q

The thick Loop of Henle epithelium is…

A

Low cuboidal

22
Q

The Loop of Henle is supplied by…

A

Rich vasa recta

23
Q

Distal convoluted tubule has what epithelium?

A

Low cuboidal with scanty microvilli and numerous mitochondria

24
Q

What is the role of distal convoluted tubule epithelia?

A

Regulates acid base by secreting H+ and absorbing HCO3-
Regulates Na levels by exchanging Na+ for K+

25
Q

The collecting duct is made of what epithelium?

A

Cuboidal

26
Q

Principal cells in the collecting duct respond to…

A

Aldosterone and ADH

27
Q

Intercalated cells in the collecting duct…

A

Exchange H+ for HCO3-

28
Q

The renal pelvis is lined by…

A

Urothelium

29
Q

Urothelium transmits filtrate from… to…

A

Nephron to ureter

30
Q

Urothelium is…

A

Specialised epithelium found in the collection/drainage parts of the urinart tract made of complex strtified epitheium with a layer of umbrella cells that overlie the pseudostratifies layer of polygonal cells

31
Q

Describe ureters.

A

Transitional epithelium
Spiral muscular tube (Inner “longitudinal”, Outer “Circular”)
No serosa
Loose adventitia

32
Q

The bladder is lined with what endothelium?

A

Urothelium

33
Q

What does the functional valve in the bladder do?

A

Prevents reflux into the ureter

34
Q

Describe female urethra.

A

4-5cm long
Proximally transitional epithelium
Distally squamous epithelium
Parautethral and periurethral glands open into the urethra

Histology (17 decks)

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