10 Sectional Conflict Intensifies, 1848-1877

Question 1

Charles Sumner

Answer 1

Massachusetts senator and abolitionist, who was attacked in the Senate cham- bers by a pro-slavery member of the House of Representatives

Question 2

Confederacy

Answer 2

the new nation declared by the seceding Southern states

Question 3

Conscience Whigs

Answer 3

Northern Whigs who opposed slavery

Question 4

Cotton Whigs

Answer 4

Northern Whigs who supported the South and slavery

Question 5

Crittenden’s Compromise

Answer 5

compromise proposed to stop the further secession of Southern states

Question 6

Dred Scott

Answer 6

an enslaved man who argued that he should be free because he was taken to a free territory; his case went to the Supreme Court

Question 7

Forty-Niners

Answer 7

people who went to California in 1849 to search for gold

Question 8

Free-Soil Party

Answer 8

a political party who opposed the spread of slavery in the western territories

Question 9

Freeport Doctrine

Answer 9

Stephen Douglas’s statement that slavery could be excluded in a territory if people refused to pass the laws needed to regulate and enforce slavery

Question 10

Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 10

law that required citizens to help catch runaway slaves

Question 11

Gadsden Purchase

Answer 11

strip of land purchased from Mexico that today is part of southern Arizona and New Mexico

Question 12

Harriet Tubman

Answer 12

a conductor of the Underground Railroad

Question 13

insurrection

Answer 13

a rebellion

Question 14

Jefferson Davis

Answer 14

president of the Confederacy

Question 15

John Bell

Answer 15

Constitutional Union Party candidate in 1860 presidential election

Question 16

John C. Breckinridge

Answer 16

vice president of the United States and Southern Democrat candidate for president in 1860 election

Question 17

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 17

bill proposed by Stephen Douglas to allow popular sovereignty in the ter- ritories of Kansas and Nebraska, thereby repealing the Missouri Compromise

Question 18

Know-Nothings

Answer 18

an anti-Catholic and nativist political party

Question 19

Lecompton Constitution

Answer 19

drafted by a Kansan pro-slavery legislature that legalized slavery in Kansas

Question 20

Lewis Cass

Answer 20

Michigan senator who proposed that citizens of each new territory be allowed to decide whether to permit slavery in the territory

Question 21

martial law

Answer 21

the situation in which the military takes control of an area, replacing civilian authorities and suspending certain civil rights

Question 22

popular sovereignty

Answer 22

the idea that people living in a territory had the right to decide by voting whether to allow slavery in the territory

Question 23

referendum

Answer 23

popular vote

Question 24

Republican Party

Answer 24

a political party formed in 1854 as an antislavery party

Question 25

secession

Answer 25

the withdrawal of states from the Union

Question 26

transcontinental railroad

Answer 26

railroad that connected the West Coast to the rest of the country

Question 27

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Answer 27

a novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that depicted the horrors of slavery

Question 28

Underground Railroad

Answer 28

an organized system for helping enslaved persons escape

Question 29

Wilmot Proviso

Answer 29

a part of a bill that proposed that slavery not be allowed in any territory gained from Mexico

Question 30

10.1 Summarize how Americans responded to the idea of popular sovereignty.

Answer 30

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Question 31

10.2 Explain how the transcontinental railroad intensified the slavery issue.

Answer 31

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Question 32

10.3 List the two rulings in Dred Scott v Sanford that increased sectional divisiveness.

Answer 32

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Question 33

10.4 How did Lincoln prevent Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland from seceding?

Answer 33

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