04 The American Revolution, 1754-1783

Question 1

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 1

a 1754 proposal for the colonies to unite to form a federal government; developed by a committee led by Benjamin Franklin; rejected by the colonies

Question 2

French and Indian War

Answer 2

the war between France and Britain in America beginning in 1754

Question 3

Treaty of Paris

Answer 3

the treaty that ended the French and Indian War in 1763

Question 4

customs duty

Answer 4

a tax on imports and exports

Question 5

inflation

Answer 5

a decline in the value of money

Question 6

Quartering Act

Answer 6

law that forced the colonists to pay more for their own defense

Question 7

nonimportation agreement

Answer 7

an agreement by New York merchants not to buy any British goods until Parliament repealed the Stamp Act

Question 8

writs of assistance

Answer 8

general search warrants

Question 9

Pontiac

Answer 9

chief of the Ottawa people; attacked British forts along the frontier in 1763

Question 10

Royal Proclamation of 1763

Answer 10

drew a line from north to south along the Appalachian Mountains and declared that colonists could not settle west of the line with out the British governments permission

Question 11

Revenue Act of 1764 (Sugar Act)

Answer 11

changed tax rates on sugar and molasses imported from foreign colonies; placed new taxes on silk, wine, coffee, pimento, and indigo; specified that alleged smugglers were presumed guilty until proven innocent and that goods could be seized without due process

Question 12

Currency Act of 1764

Answer 12

banned the use of paper money in the colonies, because it tended to lose its value very quickly

Question 13

Stamp Act of 1765

Answer 13

required a stamp (tax) to be placed on most printed materials

Question 14

Declaratory Act of 1766

Answer 14

asserted that Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies

Question 15

Boston Massacre

Answer 15

killings of Crispus Attucks and several other people by British troops

Question 16

committee of correspondence

Answer 16

committees designed to communicate with other colonies about British activities

Question 17

Boston Tea Party

Answer 17

a raid by colonists on British tea ships in which they dumped British tea into the Boston Harbor

Question 18

Intolerable Acts

Answer 18

a group of laws that led the colonists to believe that the British were trying to seize control of the colonial governments

Question 19

minutemen

Answer 19

a special unit of the militia trained to fight at a minute’s notice

Question 20

Loyalist

Answer 20

Americans who backed Britain

Question 21

Patriot

Answer 21

Americans who believed the British had become tyrants

Question 22

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 22

battle between the colonial militia and the British troops that gave the colonists confidence that they could stand up to one of the world’s most feared armies

Question 23

Declaration of Independence

Answer 23

document that stated the American colonies were free of British rule and were now the United States of America

Question 24

William Howe

Answer 24

general and commander of the British troops

Question 25

guerrilla warfare

Answer 25

a different kind of fighting, in which participants hide and ambush their opponents

Question 26

Nathan Hale

Answer 26

American spy on the British who was caught and hanged

Question 27

Valley Forge

Answer 27

the location of the winter quarters of the Continental Army in 1777

Question 28

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 28

French military officer who helped train American troops

Question 29

Saratoga

Answer 29

the site of an American victory and a turning point in the war

Question 30

letters of marque

Answer 30

licenses authorizing private ship owners to attack British merchant ships

Question 31

John Paul Jones

Answer 31

naval commander in one of the most famous naval battles of the War for Independence

Question 32

Charles Cornwallis

Answer 32

British general who led troops in the Southern campaign

Question 33

Battle of Kings Mountain

Answer 33

a turning point in the South for Americans

Question 34

republic

Answer 34

a form of government in which power resides with a body of citizens who could vote

Question 35

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Answer 35

a law that declared that Virginia no longer had an official church

Question 36

Molly Pitcher

Answer 36

woman who took part in battle during the Revolutionary War

Question 37

emancipation

Answer 37

freedom from enslavement

Question 38

manumission

Answer 38

the voluntary freeing of enslaved persons

Question 39

John Trumbull

Answer 39

American painter best known for his paintings of battles and important events in the Revolution

Question 40

Charles Willson Peale

Answer 40

American painter best known for his portraits of Washington and other Patriot leaders

Question 41

Paul Revere

Answer 41

along with William Dawes warned the people of Lexington that British troops were coming through on their way to Concord

Question 42

George Washington

Answer 42

appointed as general and commander-in-chief of the Continental Army by the Second Continental Congress

Question 43

Thomas Paine

Answer 43

wrote a pamphlet called Common Sense arguing for separation from Britain

Question 44

Coercive Acts

Answer 44

laws with which the British intended to punish Massachusetts from the Boston Tea Party and end colonial challenges to British authority

Question 45

John Adams

Answer 45

warned that a true democracy would lead to a tyranny of the majority

Question 46

list of rights

Answer 46

attached to many state constitutions

Question 47

North

Answer 47

Slaves in the _____ were gradually freed over several decades following the Revolutionary War.

Question 48

Canada

Answer 48

where many Loyalists fled after the Revolutionary War

Question 49

University of North Carolina

Answer 49

first state university in the United States

Question 50

Delaware River

Answer 50

On December 25, 1776, George Washington led approximately 2400 men across the icy _____ in a surprise attack.

Question 51

Benedict Arnold

Answer 51

American general that defected to the British army

Question 52

Francis Marion

Answer 52

led the most famous small militia unit in the South in the Revolutionary War