10 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (Unit 3) Flashcards
List the Endocrine Glands
Hypothalamus [of brain] Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Thymus Adrenal Island of Langerhans Ovary/Testis
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) targets what organ?
Thyroid
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) targets what organ?
Adrenal Cortex
Prolactin targets what organ?
Breast
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) targets what organs?
Ovary/Testis
Growth hormone (GH) targets what organ?
Growth of bone and soft tissue
what do Adrenal Glands do?
balance fluid and electrolytes.
Pituitary Dwarfism
Inadequate secretion of growth hormone leading to dwarfism
hyposecretion; anterior pituitary
Gigantism
Too much of growth hormone in kids
hyposecretion; anterior pituitary
Acromegaly
Too much of growth hormone in adults
hyposecretion; anterior pituitary
Diabetes Insipidus
Too little amount of antidiuretic hormone is released
hyposecretion; posterior pituitary
Hypothyroidism
Below normal production of thyroid hormone (T4)
thyroid gland disease
Sign/Symp on 10/31 (1)
Hyperthyroidism
usually Grave’s disease
thyroid gland disease
Sign/Symp on 10/31 (1)
Hypoadrenalism
Underproduction of cortisol, aldosterone, androgens (Addison’s Disease)
adrenal gland disease
Sign/Symp on 10/31 (2)
Hyperadrenalism
Overproduction of cortisol (Cushing’s Syndrome)
Sign/Symp on 10/31 (2)
Hyposecretion of Pancreas
Inadequate insulin and/or insulin resistance
Hyperglycemia
Elevated blood glucose
Polydipsia
excessive thirst
Polyuria
excessive urination
Polyphagia
excessive hunger
Glucose
sugar
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Juvenile Diabetes
Autoimmune condition characterized by little or no insulin production
Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment on 10/31 (2)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Adult-Onset Diabetes
Inadequate insulin production and/or insulin resistance
Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment on 10/31 (3)
Retinopathy
Damage to small vessels of eyes
a type 2 diabetes complication
Neuropathy
Damage to nerves, most common in legs/feet
a type 2 diabetes complication
Nephropathy
Damage to kidneys
a type 2 diabetes complication
Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes that develops during pregnancy, usually resolving after birth
Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications (BABY and MOM) on 10/31 (3)
etiology of Gestational Diabetes
Placental hormones increase blood glucose
If pancreas doesn’t increase insulin, blood sugar levels will rise
