10 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (Unit 3)

Question 1

List the Endocrine Glands

Answer 1

Hypothalamus [of brain]
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenal
Island of Langerhans
Ovary/Testis

Question 2

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) targets what organ?

Answer 2

Thyroid

Question 3

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) targets what organ?

Answer 3

Adrenal Cortex

Question 4

Prolactin targets what organ?

Answer 4

Breast

Question 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) targets what organs?

Answer 5

Ovary/Testis

Question 6

Growth hormone (GH) targets what organ?

Answer 6

Growth of bone and soft tissue

Question 7

what do Adrenal Glands do?

Answer 7

balance fluid and electrolytes.

Question 8

Pituitary Dwarfism

Answer 8

Inadequate secretion of growth hormone leading to dwarfism

hyposecretion; anterior pituitary

Question 9

Gigantism

Answer 9

Too much of growth hormone in kids

hyposecretion; anterior pituitary

Question 10

Acromegaly

Answer 10

Too much of growth hormone in adults

hyposecretion; anterior pituitary

Question 11

Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 11

Too little amount of antidiuretic hormone is released

hyposecretion; posterior pituitary

Question 12

Hypothyroidism

Answer 12

Below normal production of thyroid hormone (T4)

thyroid gland disease

Sign/Symp on 10/31 (1)

Question 13

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

usually Grave’s disease

thyroid gland disease

Sign/Symp on 10/31 (1)

Question 14

Hypoadrenalism

Answer 14

Underproduction of cortisol, aldosterone, androgens (Addison’s Disease)

adrenal gland disease

Sign/Symp on 10/31 (2)

Question 15

Hyperadrenalism

Answer 15

Overproduction of cortisol (Cushing’s Syndrome)

Sign/Symp on 10/31 (2)

Question 16

Hyposecretion of Pancreas

Answer 16

Inadequate insulin and/or insulin resistance

Question 17

Hyperglycemia

Answer 17

Elevated blood glucose

Question 18

Polydipsia

Answer 18

excessive thirst

Question 19

Polyuria

Answer 19

excessive urination

Question 20

Polyphagia

Answer 20

excessive hunger

Question 21

Glucose

Answer 21

sugar

Question 22

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Juvenile Diabetes

Answer 22

Autoimmune condition characterized by little or no insulin production

Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment on 10/31 (2)

Question 23

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Adult-Onset Diabetes

Answer 23

Inadequate insulin production and/or insulin resistance

Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment on 10/31 (3)

Question 24

Retinopathy

Answer 24

Damage to small vessels of eyes

a type 2 diabetes complication

Question 25

Neuropathy

Answer 25

Damage to nerves, most common in legs/feet

a type 2 diabetes complication

Question 26

Nephropathy

Answer 26

Damage to kidneys

a type 2 diabetes complication

Question 27

Gestational Diabetes

Answer 27

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy, usually resolving after birth

Risk factors, Sign/Symp, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications (BABY and MOM) on 10/31 (3)

Question 28

etiology of Gestational Diabetes

Answer 28

Placental hormones increase blood glucose

If pancreas doesn’t increase insulin, blood sugar levels will rise